Following data analysis, the researcher could restate their research question, thereafter present findings and conclusions. A sound methodology requires not only a summary of the findings, but acknowledgement of any weaknesses in the study. According to Yin (2003b) to achieve construct validity, the case study researcher will make use of multiple sources, internal validity; use logic models and do explanation building and for external validity, the use of theory. He adds that reliability will depend on the ability to develop a database. The reliability can be tested by finding out such things about the said
To explain some phenomenon is to give an account of why it behaves in a particular way or why particular regularities occur. Detailed description can provide the beginnings of the explanation. Explanatory research can be qualitative and quantitative research. Normally in quantitative research, hypothetic-deductive theories come out from this type of research design, (Norman Blaikie,
Research Design This study will use a qualitative, descriptive research methodology. Qualitative research can be defined as an overarching concept of several forms of research which help to illuminate and explain the meaning of phenomenon in social settings (Merriam, 1998). The data collection methodologies included in qualitative research are observations, interviews, and analysis of written documents and artifacts (Patton, 2002). The interview using the guide questions will allow for greater analysis of individual depth and detail. The case study method is the preferred choice of methodology given that it allows the researcher to explore additional avenues of information that may arise in the case study of the participating higher education
This includes identifying the source of data; types of data needed for the investigation, answering the proposed questions and, also help the researcher interpreting the findings of the research. The second point is focused on having insights into the research paradigm which helps the researcher to have the foreknowledge of possible research limitations pertaining to the research methodology employed. The third proposed importance of research philosophies by Easterby-Smith et al (1997, 2012), is having knowledge of the best research paradigm creates room for innovative and creative thinking in selecting and adapting methods that the researcher has no idea about.
Chapter 3 Methodology Research Design Different types of research design are selected according to the needs of the research. In this specific study, research used to intend mixed research design because this study is depending upon both quantitative and qualitative data. The means of data collection will be gathered through primary and secondary sources. Research Approach To conduct a research, it is necessary to determine what approach is being implemented as typically scientific investigation involves alternating among induction and deduction. Research approaches are based on the procedures and plans of research that extent the assumptions to detailed methods of interpretation, data collection and analysis.
3.1 Introduction In this chapter the coverage is on the research design and methodology, including sampling, population, establishing rigour during and after data collection, ethical considerations and data analysis. 3.2 Research Strategy This study used quantitative research strategy. According to Newman, quantitative research goes from reviewing and defining directly to developing hypotheses and collecting data. In quantitative analysis, this is called the derivation of hypotheses. “The researcher examines the literature and, based upon this process, he or she derives theoretical expectations, which become the derived hypotheses (Newman, Ridenour, & Ridenour, 1998).
This chapter presents the methodology employed to collect data and achieve the objective of the study. The major components of the methodology are the profile of the study area, research design, research population, sampling method, research instruments and methods for collection and analysis of data. 3.1 Research design Research can also be classified as exploratory, descriptive or explanatory (Stangor, 2007). A research design constitutes the blueprint for fulfilling research and answering questions. It includes an outline of what the researcher will do from writing research questions and their operational implication to the final data analysis.
The important part of the research method is the philosophy, which is chosen considering the context and nature of the study. Some different research philosophies are there such as positivism, pragmatic, interpretivism, and realism. For this study, positivism research philosophy is used and in this method, the controlled approach is focused for the purpose of ensuring that is research study is discussing the context and purpose effectively (Bhattacharyya, 2006). With the help of this research philosophy, the researcher determines the topic and evaluates the method, which is most appropriate for the study under consideration. The purpose of selecting this approach is that it utilises statistical or mathematical method to analyse the data gathered.
Data coding is followed by making a list of categories to make similar things together and it is known as thematic analysis. Dr. Rashed asks a useful question which is what makes the analysis difficult? He answers the question by explaining that the misunderstanding of the subject can be considered as one of the issues that may hinder the process of data analysis. He adds another crucial issue which comes from the ambiguity of question as well as the limited sources of data. On the other hand, he identifies the elements of a good analysis which depend on understanding the research question, the presence of enough data, understanding the
Section III. Choice of Research Method: Quantitative, Qualitative or Mixed? The selection of data analysis techniques to deal with research questions or hypotheses and the techniques chosen for the data collection is informed and guided by what we call the research method. Hence, research method is a procedure, and also the analytical techniques to be chosen and the methods to be chosen will also be dictated by the choices of the methodologies made and by the theoretical framework (Sumner and Tribe, 2008). Research methods for knowledge claim and strategies is of three types: quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods.