Modern Architecture: History And Definition Of Modernism

The lights alone attracted people as well as the popular shows. Two examples of Broadway shows in the 1920s included "Sally" and "No, No, Nanette.5" Lastly, there were two very important art movements during this time, called Surrealism and Art Deco. Surrealism began after World War I. Surrealists developed techniques such as automatic drawing and painting, decalcomania, frottage, fumage, grattage, and parsemage. Andre Masson was a famous surrealist. Art Deco was a movement that affected architecture.

This art had a large French influence and was valued based on its beauty and vibrant colors. In the 1920s, the Victorian style was replaced with Art Deco, a style of art that flourished in the 1920s. Art Deco was a very minimalist style of art which was used in art as well as fashion, furniture, and architecture design. This style was largely a representation of the social and physical liberation that many Americans had felt at this time and the modernist ideas of

On November 15, 1938, all Jewish children were banned from going to German schools. They did make schools just for the Jews but they were in very bad conditions. On July 7,1942 the Jewish schools were closed for good. They close the schools right after the first deportation of Jews took place. The first deportations were to the East.

In the early 20th century after the world war I, this was the period when modernism started. There was the industrialization, development of modern technology to solve problems and there was the modernist movement in writing also. This movement was characterized by a lack of confidence in the traditional ways of explaining existence and its meaning. Family, and religion were no longer seen as being dependable. Writers could not find any meaning in the old ways of writing, they did see the need to start writing in new techniques as the world was changing.

During the period of modernism, unexpected breaks in tradition occurred with viewing the world differently. The authors used literature during the modernism time to show the decay and the growing alienation of individuals. A portrayal of a restricted role in society stands reflected in Charlotte Gilman’s, “The Yellow Wallpaper.” The protagonist knows she is limited in her role in society as she agonizes what her husband will think of her actions. By visualizing the woman behind bars she pictures herself self-consciously.

Modernism began in early 1700s with the rise of capitalism. This was start of an age of rational thinking. The major belief of this age was to believe only those things which they could see. The idea of modernism is, to quote father of Modern Philosophy Rene Descartes, ‘I think therefore I am’(2). This basically meant believing only those phenomenon those can be seen or proved by science.

More than any architectural style, however, the Bauhaus promoted principles of creative collaboration—planning, designing, drafting, and construction are equally important when buildings constructed. (Craven,

The start of modernism being the Pioneer Phase took place between the middle of the First World War and the crucial movements from 1929 to 1933, early 1930s being know as the International Style. Pioneer Phase is a chain of variations and individuals who took charge to the problems faced when dealing with the appropriate design that would symbolise the twentieth century. They did so by focusing on three core elements of design, architecture, graphics and furniture.(P.Greenhalgh,1990, p. 91) The Pioneer Phase could simply be classified as a collaboration of ideas in which designers envisioned how the world could create a way in which improves the “material conditions” and mould the consciousness of humankind.(P.Greenhalgh,1990, p. 3). Modernism

Frank Lloyd Wright is considered to be the pioneer of modern architecture. He created an identity for American architecture, while rejecting Neoclassical and Victorian style designs. Wright called this “organic architecture”. It is architecture that is simple, yet modern and co-exists with architecture. He provided a new perspective on architecture and “The American Style”.

This was a period of postmodernism because the modern art movement of the early and mid 20th century was changed by new materials and environmental preservation. “From 1975 onward, late modernist projects were guided by the conviction that rationalist architecture had yet to be fully realized. Designers sought to integrated modern technology with formal elements derived from the basic grid.” (graphic design history) Also, many designers chose to use industrial materials in their designs during this time period, like stainless steel in their art pieces or architecture.

Postmodernism has been widely used over the past two decades but trying to pinpoint one definitive meaning for the term is very difficult indeed. Taken literally, postmodernism means “after the modernist movement” yet there is something else entirely to postmodernism than that. One thing that is sure is Postmodernism is an adaptable term that can cover an extensive variety of works of art. Basic scholars use postmodernism as state of deviation for works of writing, shows, engineering, film and plan. Postmodernism was basically a response to Modernism. ".

Ezra Pound and his influence on modernism Ezra Weston Loomis Pound was an emigrant American poet and critic who was a key figure of the early modernist movement. Pound promoted, and also sporadically helped to shape, the work of different poets and novelists such as William Butler Yeats, Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, Robert Frost, and T.S. Eliot. His influence on poetry began with his development of “Imagism”, a movement stressing clarity, carefulness and conciseness of language. Modernism is a movement that arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Modernism rejected the certainty of Enlightenment thinking.

Gottfried Semper was a major figure in the field of Interior designing. He was an architect and an art critic who contributed majorly to the study of interiors .He proposed his ideas and thoughts in his book, “Four elements of architecture”, in the year 1952 and it was a huge success. In his book, he developed the theory that origin of architecture could be dated back to the primitive era when human civilization was at its peak. As compared to the modern ideology that architecture consists of structures made from materials, his theory revolved around the four main elements of the primitive era that were essential to human life.

Lebanese University Faculty of Letters-Branch II English Literature & Language Department Romanticism and James Joyce in A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man Prepared by Tracy Chamoun Submitted in partial fulfillment of Modern Novel course Dr. May Maalouf Fanar, Fall 2016-2017 0. Literature Review: Modernism, a period in English literature, which spread from almost the beginning of the twentieth century up till 1965; this period was considered revolutionary due to Modernists writer’s love for experimentation and individualism. Various critics have claimed that Modernism has its roots in some Romantic ideologies since many of the themes picked up by Modernist writers have been discussed before in Romanticism. Nevertheless, other critics discussed how Modernist authors attempt to reject some of the Romantic views; for example Modernists care little for Nature, Being, or overarching structures of history.

This theory became one of the founders of the twentieth Century modernist