Central Dogma Of Modern Biology

The central dogma of modern biology is that DNA gets transcribed into a transportable compound that’s composed of mRNA. The mRNA then synthesizes a particular protein or group of small proteins. Genes made up of proteins, give a set of instructions for a function that a molecule needs to do in the cell. An epigenome is a compound that sits on DNA and controls your gene expression. The central dogma of modern biology is related to epigenetics because the environment can influence which genes are expressed and which are not or how much a gene is expressed.

The central dogma of biology starts with DNA. DNA is made up of a 2 chains of complementary nucleotide bases A, T, C, and G. DNA determines a person 's phenotypes, likelihood to get a disease,

Epigenomes are compounds that attach themselves to specific parts of the DNA to change its role. One of the most common compounds is CH3 or methyl. They don’t change the physical sequence of the DNA but they change the way the cell uses the DNA’s instructions. The instructions can change how much a certain gene gets expressed if at all. This is important because what we do and eat can impact the genetics of our great, great, great-grandchildren. Epigenetics also applies to other organisms as

They studied the diet of a bee to epigenetics to see if it would affect the bee’s genetics. Royal jelly is a protein-rich substance that is secreted from the worker bee’s heads. When the bees are still in the larva state you can determine whether or not it is a queen bee or a worker bee by looking at how much royal jelly there is in the compartment. A larva that is going to become a queen is fed large amounts of royal jelly so that her ovaries will develop and she will have a larger abdomen for laying eggs. In the experiments, scientists determined that the royal jelly silences the gene that codes for an enzyme that turns the bees into worker bees. The royal jelly turns off the gene so that the bee becomes a queen bee. Another example that scientists have looked a great deal into is when the agouti gene is completely unmethylated the mice that they test on are prone to diabetes and cancer. These mice were on a diet of food that had an environmental toxin mixed in and was very overweight with health problems. On the other mice where the agouti gene was methylated or had the CH3 attached the coat color was different and had a low disease risk although the two mice are identical in DNA. These mice were just eating normal food and stayed quite fit. The mice then went on to reproduce mice of the same color and similar in weight and health problems. Since we, as mammals, also have the agouti gene our diet might affect if our