Modernisation Theory

From 1981 to 1988 the Contra war took place in Nicaragua. The outbreak of the war began with several rebellions that were against the Sandinistas who had previously overthrown the Samoza regime. The Contra rebel group were not a homogenous one-sided group of people, instead they were a cumulation of three distinct elements of Nicaraguan society: a group of republican former guard members from the old Somoza regime, individuals who were anti-Somozistas who felt deluded and betrayed by their government, and the third group were Nicaraguans that opposed the Sandinistas even though they were not considered to be directly involved in the revolution. The Reagan administration viewed these rebels as a “convenient tool” in order to “remove the Sandinistas

John Bodley’s article, “Price of Progress”, argues that America and other developed countries worry about economic development less than developing countries. The economies in developed countries believe that every culture should be full of progress. Progress in economies is defined by how high your income is, how high your standard of living is, greater security and how good your health is. The most common used measure of progress is one’s standard of living. The lowest class of people is the tribal people who have different cultures and lifestyles and they find ways to survive on their own. “Although one may argue that tribal peoples must sacrifice their traditional cultures to obtain these benefits, government planners generally feel that

Nicaragua and Iran were the two countries that came together and formed a scandal known as the Iran- Contra in the early 1980’s. But how did it all start? The group that started it is known as the Contras, that’s short for “counterrevolutionaries”. That is the label given to them as the terrorist rebel group that were effective from 1979 all the way to the early 1990’s. On the opposing side of the Contras, there was an antagonist group called the Sandinistas, a democratic socialist political party in Nicaragua. At the time, Ronald Reagan was president. He saw the Contras as anti-communists and wanted to find a way to support them. Reagan funded the Contras in Nicaragua because they were fighting a government that was immensely shaped by the communists. Reagan’s beliefs came from the Reagan Doctrine, which explains that it’s a strategy that is believed that is you support

Malcom Forbes once said, "Presence is more than just being there." Sometimes, in Anthropology, nothing is more important than true presence. For authors like Carol Hendrickson and Kristen Ghodsee, this could not be more true. Both authors are practitioners of ethnographical work, which is essentially the organized study of cultures. These organized studies tend to include a holistic view of cultures, from histories to present day habitats, in order to garner an "inside" look at symbolism, relationships, and behavior while attempting to avoid hasty and often reckless explanations. These authors attempt to share with us an insight of worlds that is intimate, ignored, or so far outside of our own paradigms that we may never have

The rediscovery of Lucretius’ De rerum natura is considered to be one of the most contingent turning points of modern history. From its enlightened birth circa 55 BC- to its unearthing in the medieval Germany by humanist and book hunter, Poggio Bracciolini- the De rerum natura’s very existence is a miracle. In the Pulitzer Prize winning book, The Swerve: How the World Became Modern, Harvard humanities professor Stephen Greenblatt offers not only an explanation of Lucretius’ poem and its origins in Epicurus, but also explains the threat that De rerum natura posed to Catholic theology, and Lucretius’ influence on later philosophers, from Thomas More to Thomas Jefferson.

Political insurgency across Latin America intended to fight for justice and equity but compromised democracy and human rights in the process. The Cuban Revolution inspired a political revolt against the United States, resisting against its economic hegemony, but forces from above complicated matters. In Nicaragua, for example, Sandino’s “willingness to defy the United States” surged a political conflict with Somoza and eventually lead to his assassination (Kinzer 31). Somoza’s rise to power came through a de facto electoral proceeding and his use of oppressive tactics to eventually become dictator. His ruling only came to perpetuate the influence of the United States in Nicaragua and spurred the start of the bloody pathway of counter-insurgencies.

One of the most important and formulated problems in Guatemala today is the issue of race. The Ladinos make up 40% while the Mayans Make up 60% of the Guatemalan population.

This study objective is to enhance view of the immigrant business activities established from the point of view of real life stories analysis. studies on immigrant ownership identity has been wrapped in by studies of writers who primarily, includes in two certain areas. Firstly, deals with like problems as ethnicity, entrepreneurship, and in most basic fact it minimizes immigrant ownership identity to ethno-cultural knowledges, which surface or at tiniest in the edge of primary economy and general community. Secondly, study’s highlight detailed on the rapidly growing area of transformationalism researches. From the view point of identity, global business owners are seen as a flesh global “trends” a person who moved from their home land to

The book Guerrillas by Dirk Kruijt documents the history in Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua guerrilla movements that developed between the 1950s and the 1970s, providing information that allows the reader to encounter the similarities of these movements, but also the differential factors that altered the development of each movements in the mentioned countries.

Foucault starts by differentiating two types of punishment: the fierce and clamorous open torment of Robert-François Damiens, who was sentenced endeavored regicide in the mid-eighteenth century, and the very controlled day by day plan for detainees from a mid nineteenth century jail (Mettray). These cases give a photo of exactly

The essay will discuss a paper written by anthropologist Gregory Possehl – Sociocultural complexity without the state: the Indus Civilization. It will first present the usual classification when approaching ancient civilisations and briefly summarise Possehl’s main argument. The essay will then dig more deeply into the Indus case, relying on archaeological findings, to see how far Possehl’s position can be supported.

What was the role of socio-economic factors in the change of the political party system and what was the impact of the change on these factors?

As capitalism increases, as an economic system to produce wealth for the provision of entitlement welfare programmes, there is starting to emerge a direct correlation between the amount of western welfare dependency in relation to the disparity in wealth. In other words, the higher the occurance of laissez-faire (unregulated), capitalism within a society, the more relative poverty it produces, including the social by-products of a rapidly declining middle class, rising crime rates, civil unrest . . . This did not happen under the original welfare system, which was designed as a contributory social insurance scheme, not a lifestyle choice.

On a journal “Family impact on Career Decision-Making Behavior” McClain and Melvin of Florida State University discussed that individual being connected to other family members conceptualize to produce a functional whole of family system literature which postmodern career theorist have developed theoretical frameworks on family roles on how it impacts and related to the factors that influence career paths of the individual. Because of this postmodern theory, the influence of the family on the career of the child or the student is mainly focused on the structure of the family itself and its environment. A good example is, the home represents the first workplace for the child like doing house chores and young adults commonly or majority follows

The start of modernism being the Pioneer Phase took place between the middle of the First World War and the crucial movements from 1929 to 1933, early 1930s being know as the International Style. Pioneer Phase is a chain of variations and individuals who took charge to the problems faced when dealing with the appropriate design that would symbolise the twentieth century. They did so by focusing on three core elements of design, architecture, graphics and furniture.(P.Greenhalgh,1990, p. 91) The Pioneer Phase could simply be classified as a collaboration of ideas in which designers envisioned how the world could create a way in which improves the “material conditions” and mould the consciousness of humankind.(P.Greenhalgh,1990, p. 3). Modernism