Islamic Modernism and Islamism were two new streams of Islamic thought which emerged after the decline of European colonialism. Both of these movements had well defined and different visions. In the 1800s, new Western influence was widespread throughout the Islamic World. The Ottoman Empire faced a long decline characterized by financial problems by Western foreign that powers took advantage of to manipulate the decaying empire. The Wahhabi Movement and Egyptian independence marked the beginning of new reform as the Islamic world braced itself for the twentieth century. Young Ottomans pushed for secular European education and a constitutional monarchy. They achieved a stronger military and a modernized transportation infrastructure. European colonialism lead to the …show more content…
Islamic modernism is defined by an ideology that borrows many parts of Western culture in the changes they want to make. Islamists borrow far less parts of Western culture and favor a traditional view on most topics. Islamists and Modernist thinkers both aim to write eloquently in a Western style. Intending to appeal and gain the support of as many people as possible. Modernists seek to make Islam fit in with the ideals and practices of the modern world. Modernists are more in support of European modernity across the Islamic world, while Islamists seek an Islamic state. Islamic Modernism has always recognized the harm and oppression caused by European colonialism. Islamic Modernism was able to stay true to many of the fundamental beliefs and practices of Islam. Modernists were able to attempt to spread the Western ideals they believed would help. Islamists on the other hand, believed European colonialism was the main source of corruption, and other troubles that plagued the Islamic world. Islamists pushed to reject the principles and ideals of western
As for the Ottoman empire, militarism and Islamic power drove the rise of the empire. In 1453, the Ottomans captured Constantinople, putting an end to the
During the Age of Exploration Europeans hoped to subside the power of Islam and diminish its threat to the security of Europe by expanding and controlling global markets by reducing their market trade, although it was believed the Muslim world had entered a period of decline and turmoil with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate during the Era of the Mongols, on the contrary in the shadows of the Age of Exploration between the late Fifteenth and early Sixteenth century in the Middle East and South Asian subcontinent the rise of three great Muslim Empires, the Ottomans, the Safavids and the Mughals was occurring, the Ottoman empire being one of the strongest. (William J. Duiker and Jackson J. Spielvogel, World History, vol. 1,446). These
There was a great deal of pressure and conflict surrounding the Ottoman Empire during the period from 1750 to the early 1900s. The majority of the rest of the world was going through social and technological changes. The push for expanded suffrage and industrial advancements was overwhelming. This combined with advancements in transportation and communication made the pressure even greater for the struggling empire.
Europe, between 1300-1700, made strides that linked the ideas of the past to those of the present. European intellectual life greatly transformed as people became more culturally aware - all areas of study flourished. The arts, humanities, literature, mathematics, and sciences made incredible developments, and these developments were rooted in Islamic knowledge. Beautiful paintings were crafted, awe-inspiring architecture was built, and life-changing books were written. These works were inspired by Muslim creations their community and for Allah.
Several factors prompted this decline such as: several economic problems, the rise of other trade routes, the European hunger for expansion, and weakness in the Ottoman government Furthermore, the Ottoman Empire was both politically and militarily strong, yet, it was too traditional and could not keep up with worldwide changes and modernity through time. Europe and the West were rapidly moving forward innovatively while the Ottomans stayed in their place for too long. All these problems led to the empire being less centralized in Europe. Simply, the Great Powers of Europe took advantage of this situation and allied to completely end the rule of Ottomans. To further affect the empire, European powers chose an Ottoman strength and turned it into a weak point.
On the other hand, the Ottoman Empire was completely controlled by Islamic warriors. These two ideologies
Beginning in the 18th century, many ancient civilizations began to decline including the Ottoman empire and the Qing dynasty. The Ottomans had reached their peak late in the 15th century. The turkic warriors demolished the Byzantine empire and established an Islamic society in much of the Balkans and the Mediterranean. To the east a new Chinese dynasty was emerging in the mid 17th century. The Qing emperors were not of Chinese descent, but were instead a nomadic group called the Manchu that conquered a declining Ming dynasty in 1644.
After the Islamic leader, Muhammad, died, there formed a huge divide around who was to take his place. This divide ended up in the formation of two opposing groups within Islam – the Sunni and the Shi’ites. War broke out between the Sunni and Shi’ites after a Shi’ite leader claimed the title of Imam and began to establish Shia rule throughout the Middle East. Unfortunately, the conflict between the Sunni and the Shi’ite is one that still goes on today. When Europeans were brought into the Middle East as advisors and trade partners to the Ottomans, the culture in that region changed further.
The Ottoman and Mughal empires both used Islam in their culture, economy, wars, and society. It influenced their art, the way they treated non-Muslims, their motivations for war. It is important to note that both empires were influenced differently by their majority religion. However, both the Ottomans and Mughals were heavily influenced as Islam was a major part of everyday life from the art to the bureaucracy.
Having many artisans and traders allowed goods to be made and traded rapidly. With complete control over trade the Ottomans economy was booming and they easily stayed in power for many
He founded the Ottoman Empire from the Crusades. They gained power by using their advanced army and advanced weapons to attack other cities and conquer them. They consolidated by establishing trade relationships with other places to keep up their economic structure. They were able to maintain their power because Suleiman allowed freedom of religion of his conquered people and he established a fair political structure.
“The Islamic teachings have left great traditions for equitable and gentle dealings and behavior, and inspire people with nobility and tradition” (H.G. Wells). The society and world around us are greatly influenced by the muslim people, or more specifically, the influence of the Islamic world. Their impact on the world is a controversial topic and their role is also often seen as negative. People are constantly oppressing minorities, but without the Muslims or teachings of Islam, the world wouldn’t be the same. This group of people achieved so many things that are considered necessary to our world today, and not many people recognize that.
The stability of the society of the Middle East was affected by several aspects which made trade and commerce less viable, where Islam allowed much in the way of progress in the thirteenth and fourteenth
A. PREAMBLE The terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 has sparked intense curiosity and interest in the world especially the West to learn and investigate the religion of Islam. The Muslim people are portrayed as violent and barbaric, and Islam as oppressive and antithesis to human rights values. Thus, escalation of public opinion about Islam has encouraged debates and forums, and also stirred demonstrations and movements which have compelled the Muslims to speak out their minds and interpret and recast their texts viz. Quran and Sunnah of prophet Mohammad and even question and challenge the prevailing culture and practices, and domineering structures.
No one can say if someone else is right or wrong, it is a matter of personal opinion and no society can pass judgement on another society. The current movement to understand the radical Islam is a sign that relativism is growing. The cultural relativists believe Westerners should not impose their ideas on Islamic world, including the idea that the Terrorist bombing of civilians is evil. Islamic belief in the necessity of jihad is just as valid as any belief in the western civilian, the relativists assert, and they believe that the terrorist attack is not only their fault (Mamdani,