The blade element momentum theory is used to evaluate the loads on each blade once the rotor is subjected [***].The BEM theory has been proofed to give good accuracy regarding the time cost [0].The BET relies on two significant conjecture: The force on the blade elements are merely determined exactly by the drag as well as lift coefficient [000]. No aerodynamic interactions between different blade elements Both assumption methods are considered to discuss. It consists of the blade element theory which split the rotor blades into element sections so as to determine the torque as well as thrust contribution of each segment. The momentum theory is introduced by the rotational and axial induction factors. The BEM is generally used for modeling wind turbines rotors [000]. …show more content…
Remember that the blade attachment is disregarded. As BET cannot constrain the position of the blade elements along their chord, the determination of J at the design step permanently conveys hesitation [**]. Hence, the above equation can be amended as follows: J/(N ρ_b )=∫▒r^2 dx dy dr+∫▒y^2 dx dy dr=J_1+J_2 It is crucial to find J_1and J_2 in order to determine the moment of inertia. So, we have: J_1=A∫▒〖(cr)〗^2 dr In which A (A=t^'/c) is dimensionless outcome of dividing the area of the aerofoil section by the square of the chord. t^' is the thickness of blade section. The values of A are accessible in Handbooks. J_2≈∫_0^R▒dr ∫_(-c/2)^(c/2)▒dy' ∫_(-t^'/2)^(t^'/2)▒〖(sin〖θ_p x^'+cos〖θ_p y') dx'〗 〗 〗 As it can been seen, the estimated expression is expressed by supposing blade segment is rectangular with thickness of t^' and the centroid is along the z-axis and the moment of inertia is along x-axis. Now, J is: J= A N ρ_b R^5 [∫▒〖(cr)〗^2 dr+A/12 (c^4 〖cos〗_(θ_p)^2 dr+A^2 ∫▒〖c^4 〖 sin〗_(θ_p)^2 dr〗)] Applications of CFD along
Such as, 2 2 2 , , r s s r r r s r r r L L R L R M L L M L PM L R Where rd s i u , , and r : are respectively, the stator voltage, stator current, rotor flux and rotor speed. The indices d, q indicates a direct and quadrate index according to the usual d-axis and q-axis components in the synchronous rotating frame. M L L R R r s r s , , , , and : are respectively, stator and rotor resistance, stator and rotor inductance, mutual inductance and total leakage factor. P, J, TL and f: are respectively, the number of pole pairs, the rotor inertia, the load torque and the friction coefficient.
(eye to chin distance) Feature 6= (eye to chin distance) / (virtual top of
The coordinates of the system is defined by , θ = angle of the chassis from vertical, α = angle of tread assemblies from vertical, Ø = rotation angle of tread sprockets from vertical, mc = mass of chassis, mT = mass of tread, ms = mass of sprocket, Lc = length from centre of sprocket to centre of chassis, LT = length from centre of sprocket to centre of tread assembly. The kinetic energies of the sprocket, chassis and tread assemblies are given respectively , T_S=1/2[m_c x ̇^2+J_S φ ̇^2] (1) T_C=1/2 [〖m_c (x ̇-L_c θ ̇ cosθ)〗^2+m_c (〖L_c θ ̇ sin〖θ)〗〗^2+J_c θ ̇^2 ] (2) T_T=1/2[m_T (〖x ̇-L_T α ̇ cos〖α)〗〗^2+m_T (〖L_T α ̇ sin〖α)〗〗^2+J_T α ̇^2] (3) The gravitational potential energy is given by ,
In the first activity, I determined the circumference and tangential speed of points on spinning DVDs to demonstrate the rotation curve of a rigid body. For instance, the DVD with a radius of 4 has a circumference of 25.13 cm and a tangential speed of 1933.08 cm per second. During the activity, I noticed as the radius increased, the tangential speed also increased. I also noticed the shape of the rigid body rotation curve was linear.
The Constitution and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms are composed of broad values like equality and liberty, but judges who attempt to give concrete meaning to such general concepts without specific precedent and law from the text or history overstep their proper role. If Robert H. Bork were to review judicial process today, he will assume all judges decide constitutional cases in accordance with “neutral principles.” In his article “Neutral Principles and Some First Amendment Problems” (1971), Bork insists these principles must be strictly neutral in origin of the text and from such cases that derive from precedent. He continues his argument by stating if the Court strikes down legislation on any other basis, it abuses its power and invades
Strain and Deviance: an empirical test of General Strain Theory of in a Philippine Public University LITERATURE REVIEW Theoretical Background During the past decades, various criminologists developed different theories in an attempt to explain the causes of crime within the society. In return they were successful, as of today it was adopted or accepted, indeed all of theories explain the root causes of crime. One of these theories is anomie or strain theory which originally argues that the lower class frustration to higher class causes crime (Merton, 1938) in attempt to explain why majority of the people who commits crime are lower class.
The measured tensions were normalized relative to the maximum tension and the lengths were normalized relative to the length at which maximum force was generated (Ln = 29 mm). The measured data and expected data were plotted together (Figure 3). Correlation between measured and expected tensions at the same normalized lengths was determined for the three expected segments of the length-tension relationship.2,3,4 This was done using piecewise linear regression and yielded r2isometric = 0.956033. The fitted curve for the isotonic experiment resulted in r2isotonic = 0.960557. The F0 was 19.5 N for the fit and 6.35 N for the guess.
Porter´s Five Forces is the analytical framework chosen to analyse GE´s Playbook. GE is one of the world´s most diverse companies spanning a wide range of businesses (Grant, 2005), including appliances and lighting, aviation, capital (commercial lending and leasing, consumer, real estate, energy financial services, aviation financial services), energy management, healthcare, oil & gas, power & water, and transportation (General Electric, 2015). Some of their customers are: - Aviation, Commercial Engines: Boeing - Capital Inventory Financing: P.C. Richard and Son - Distributed Energy: Songas - Healthcare: Wheaton Franciscan
Legally, officers have the authority to use force to protect themselves and others from harm. The use of force only allows use within the standards of reasonableness. In the United States, the use of force is known as the use-of-force continuum, which provides law enforcement officers with guidelines that govern how much force is allowed to be used against a person in a given situation. The use of force continuum has five levels: officer presence, verbal commands, empty hand control, less lethal methods, and deadly force. Officers are not required to follow the different levels of the use-of-force continuum any particular order.
One of the most complex criminal offences in Australia is property crime as it includes, but is not limited to, burglary, theft, arson, vandalism and shoplifting. “According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics’ Recorded Crime – Victims data, between 2001 and 2009 there has been a decline in motor vehicle theft (57%), burglary (49%) and other theft (32%)” (Brown, 2015, p.1). This paper uses strain theory, the social learning theory; differential association and the social reaction theory or labelling theory to explain why property offences occur.
Physics, period 3 Malak Mokhles Data collection: Jan To measure the period of a swinging stopper for three selected radii in order to calculate the centripetal force Data Table Calculations Calculate the centripetal force acting on the stopper. (Fc=mac) 50 cm radius: (0.025kg)(50m/s2)=1.3N 35 cm radius: (0.025kg)(43m/s2)=1.1N 25 cm radius: (0.025kg)(39m/s2)=1.3N State the weight of the washers 50 cm radius: 15 washers=0.75N 35 cm radius: 15 washers=0.75N 25 cm radius: 10 washers=0.50N Calculate the percent error for each radius (% error =|theoretical - experimental /( theoretical ) | × 100%) 50 cm radius: |0.75 – 1.3 /(0.75) | × 100% = 73% 35 cm radius: |0.75 – 1.1 /(0.75) | × 100% = 47% 25 cm radius: |0.50 – 1.0 /(0.50) | × 100% = 100% Analysis/Discussion
This report aims to analyze the effect of external analysis and the various other forces of change that has an effect on the business environment of Zara. External environment is an important consideration while planning the strategy for future as well as for venturing into the international markets. Every company irrespective of the sector of operation faces a phase of stagnation in the domestic market at one point in time and there is a need to take stock of situation and reframe the strategy to move ahead. External environment comprises of many dynamic forces like political, technological, social, cultural and environmental factors. These factors form the macro environment of the company.
Porter’s five forces is a framework that provides analysts with knowledge of the external factors regarding their company and the development of business strategy. These shows people how attractive a company is in a certain industry. I have chosen to develop the porter’s five forces strategy regarding Cisco and the information received. I will evaluate the competiveness, threat of substation, buyer power, supplier power and the threat of new entry.
US auto industry is full of auto manufacturing companies, BMW Group, Chrysler/Dodge/Jeep, Ford Motors, General Motors, Honda/Acura, Hyundai/Kia, Mazda, Nissan, Subaru are the main competitors in US Auto market. For 2012 as a whole, automakers sold approximately 14.5 million vehicles in the U.S. Market, a 13 percent increase from 2011 and the highest annual sales total since 2007 marking the third consecutive year of annual sales increases of at least 10 percent. As fuel prices remain high and there is greater concern for the environment, more energy efficient cars are increasing in demand.
3.2 Industry conditions (Porter 's Five Forces Analysis) Five forces which would impact an organization 's behavior in the market. Understanding the nature of these forces provides organizations the required insights to enable them to formulate the appropriate strategies to be successful in their market (Thurlby, 1998). 3.2.1 Threat of new entrants (high entry barriers) High capital investment for competitor entry into telecommunication industry. Companies in this industry maintain development, spend fairly large amount of capital on network equipment and incurred high fixed costs. Besides, technologies are also considered as barriers for new companies to enter the market.