Multi-Agency Public Protection Arrangements (MAPPA)

The role of policing in our culture can be categorized in two broad models; crime fighter or public services role. These two models view policing in different ways as seen by society as a whole. The views of policing at stated by Pollack (2017), in with the crime fighter model focus on the “presumption is that criminals (who are different from the rest of us) are the enemy and police officers are the soldiers in a war on crime” (p.116). This view by police and society helps to formulate the style of policing they utilize leaning more towards force and not viewing all members of society as equal. The public servant view of policing described by Pollack (2017) as the “presumptions are different and include the idea that criminals are not so different from us and, in fact, may be our sons and daughters” (p. 116). This approach creates more of a protector for all people mindset with limited use of force and more fair treatment when working the beat.

This essay will describe the mechanisms by which the British Police are held to account, and will touch upon the paradox of police governance, the balance of unwanted coercion of police, financial stewardship and police legitimacy. This essay will also divulge into a discussion on the topic; is policing political? There will be an argument for and against, and the advantages and disadvantages to both sides will be conversed to achieve an accurate conclusion. In addition this essay will start by portraying the significance of Police Accountability.

When it comes to policing there is a huge struggle power struggle between individual rights and public order. You want to keep individual rights, but you also want to keep public order while keeping the public safe. It may seem hard to keep the balance between these two, but doing so is of utter importance. Here are some examples of why it can be hard to balance individual rights and public order when dealing with policing.

Policing in this present day is defined as an individual or group of individual who prevent and detect crime within a community. Policing compares in many ways. They all attempt to provide services, keep the peace and reduce crime. Policing has evolved into something much more than what it used to be. Within this essay are the many different perspectives and how ethics were learned. Although it is questionable, that policing in America has different time periods. There is an agreement of three major eras of policing in America. Those three era's are, The Political Era, Reform, and Community Policing.

For the Application of the Criminal Justice System project of the Criminal Justice course, I chose the arrest of John Burke. This case is about the arrest and sentencing of John Burke who had shot and killed Joseph Ronan. Twenty-five year old John Burke agreed to meet with 22 year old Joseph Ronan at Ronans home, in Reading, Massachusetts on Monday, August 15, 2011 around 1pm, with the intent of purchasing Percocet pills. (Boston.com, 2013) However, shortly after entering Ronans home, Burke opened fire (News, 2011), and after shooting Joseph Ronan several times, with the belief that Ronan was involved in a robbery at Burkes apartment in April 2011 (Boston.com, 2013), fled the home. Ronans grandfather (Daniel, 2011), who had been in the home

Policing in today’s society has been impacted through a multitude of influences including social, political, and economical to name a few. One factor that has, in more recent years, left its imprint within policing is race. Race, brings up the subtopics of ethics, corruption, accountability, and public views on policing. The following paper will discuss these subtopics to help further understand why and how race plays such a significant role in current day society and policing.

The justice system is constant work in progress as the system must change and evolve to meet the needs, demands and requirements of the times we live in. The justice system and its statutes sometimes struggle to keep up with the ever-changing world; thus making them lag behind. As stated, one of the core functions of the justice system is to provide intervention programs for those individuals who are deemed to be at risk. Intervention programs do exist but still the justice system is overburden with many criminal cases. The inability of justice programs to work as they are intended to is seen as one of the significant problems facing the justice system. Welsh and Harris (2013) seeks to explain the inability of the justice programs to not work in stating, “The problem is that many criminal justice interventions fall short of their goals because of poor planning, poor implementation, and poor evaluation. It is fair to say we have not yet discovered “what works” to reduce crime.” From this, it is clear that the development of interventions is not the issue and not the cause for them to not succeed in their mandates but the problem is within their planning.

The principles of Sir Robert Peel are important for America today, and help shape todays modern police forces. Peels principles help keep order and peace to the police force of America. Peel drafted one of the first police bills in 1828, to improve the police in the Metropolis, it was passed in 1829 ( ). There are nine total principles in total that help guide the law enforcement.

After reviewing Sir Robert Peel's nine principles of policing I believe all nine principles are still evident in modern policing. These principles of policing were created as a standard for initial modern police forces, however due to modernization of policing through technology and training, some of these standards have evolved to adapt to today’s standards of policing. Let us examine how these principles were the foundation for modern police forces, and the standards they coincide with today, beginning with Peel’s first principle.

(1997). Regulating police discretion: An assessment of the impact of the NSW Young Offenders Act 1997. Criminal Law Journal, 28(2), pp.72-92. Retrieved from Westlaw.

Police organizational structures are entities of two or more people who cooperate to accomplish an objective. This type of structure must be parallel so that it can be effective in achieving the overall goal of protecting and helping the public. For the past several years police agencies have proceeded through a traditional structure but more recently that structure has started to evolve. Traditional structures are based upon principles such as specialization, hierarchy, chain of command, rules and regulations, and official working capacity. Principles such as this allow the structure to work effectively. However with advancement of the 20th century most police organizations follow a bureaucracy structure with an authoritarian management style.

Community Policing as a Metaphor for Personalization of Policing Service : Manning (1984 p. 206) suggested that “(c)ommunity policing can be seen as a metaphor based on yearning and the wish for personalization of service which contrasts with bureaucratic professional policing”. He considered community policing in Great Britain and USA to fit well with this general definition and later in his article he developed a fuller analysis of the

The general public are the biggest critics of local police forces across the United Kingdom, Crime mapping now indicates to the General public that police forces are actively policing local communities and working to mitigate risks. Crime mapping is an exceptional tool for hearts and minds between the police force and general public. Crime mapping permits police forces to determine which locations require additional support in means of allocating man-power or security systems. Crime mapping enables police forces to inform the public of any changes within the community.

Safety of our citizens is of utmost importance in creating a robust society. Building sustainable communities that are inclusive, secure and sensitive to needs of the citizens will continue to be of national priority. However, over the years, crime has stymied this endeavour.

When we talk about the criminal justice system the public at large plays a very important role right from the prevention to reporting to the investigation of the case. The criminal justice system cannot achieve its goal without the active participation of the general public. If we take a look at the ancient police setup in medivial and ancient india we come across that there were various provisions for the participation of the public working with the police. The word police, inspires confidence inspires a sense of truse, security, commitment, and public service. From a time immorial the police have been a very intrigal part of the our social life. Be it the gupta period or the shivajian era, or the dark times of the east india company. Police has been omni present in the social order. One can not overlook the importance of police in the peaceful wellbeing of the state. But with the change in the attitude of the state towords its citizens the roll of police has also changed.