It seems difficult enough to dub an audiovisual text in a source language into a target language, considering the technical and linguistic constraints imposed on dubbing. The question then arises: what about multilingual films, in which several languages are spoken? It must first be reminded that every single film is different and that there couldn’t be one single rule applicable to each situation, “given the multisemiotic nature of these cultural products, the many forms multilingualism may take, the different functions it fulfils, as well as the tremendous variety of reception situations” (Meylaerts and Serban 9-10). Zabalbeascoa and Corrius explain that there are three main approaches when it comes to dubbing a multilingual film: 1) Leave
A. Languages as narrative tools The production of multilingual films may sometimes quite simply “stem from an interest in and desire to work with actors from different countries and language communities” (O’Sullivan 91). However, languages increasingly participate in constructing the narrative and film thematic. As explained by Baldo, the use of several languages can have a more symbolic function than merely mimic “a flavour of the author’s heritage language”. De Bonis believes the three main functions of multilingualism in films are the depiction of realistic situations, the expression of conflict and of confusion (170).
Depending on the angle from which the researchers investigate the terms, different definitions have been given. Therefore, in this study the description of these concepts will be narrowly related to what can be applied to the dance world. Multiculturalism is composed of the Latin words ‘Multus’ (much), in plural ‘Multi’ (many), and ‘Cultura’ (Culture, adjective Cultural). The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English defines culture as: “The beliefs, way of life, art and customs that are shared and accepted by people in a particular society, the attitudes and beliefs about something that are shared by a particular group of people in a particular organization, activities that are related to art, music literature” (2011: 411). Judith L. Hanna describes culture as follows: “A
There are undeniable traits that films can hold that cannot plainly be seen within the text. Things like location setting where, in film, the viewer is able to have a wider picture of the environment, community, and a larger setting allows for more physical movement than say what would be possible on a stage. Also, film language can also be a big addition when understanding the good elements of film to theater. For example, where the camera is placed, picking up different angles—possible view points from multiple characters enables a more round story. While actors and costumes add other elements in both cases, the budgets for both projects are often vastly different.
Moreover, exposure to foreign or international media, such as books, music, television, movies, or radio, also can be considered as a form of contact between languages (Zabawa 2010: 220, Thomason 2001: 3). Language contact produces various linguistic
The current study sets out to address this gap in research. While the terms bilingualism and multilingualism are
The cinema is a complex phenomenon and its true global importance is gradually being appreciated. The historical occurrences of the twentieth century has provided empirical evidence for the definition of cinema as an instrument of political power, despite Lumiere’s misguided proclamation that the future holds little potential for the new medium. Most significantly, cinema is recognized as a form of escapism during the harsh political, social and economic turmoil of the recent century. “Nowadays, in enlightened societies, there is a better appreciation of the need to ensure [cinema’s] proper development in the national interest both internally and in respect of a country’s relations with other countries and its place in the world” At the
Literature is frequently comprehended by most people as a mass of writings. In particular, it refers to those reckoned to have the aptitude of being inventive and rational, or which deploy languages which departed from the common usage. Global literature, on the other hand, has two different definitions where the first one explains it as the summation of all literatures of the world, including personal and nationalized work. The second definition is, global literature consists of the world’s classics, or the most sought after works that are read across time, ethnic and language borders in which they were produced and become the intercontinental patrimony of civilization. (Gafrik, 2009, p. 28) Global literature penetrates deep into cultural diversities and tendencies of the written word around the world.
Nowadays there are between 5000 to 7000 languages in the world. But it is hard to know the precise number of languages because is not easy to distinguish between a language and a dialect. The past decade has witnessed a fast and an important increase of multilingualism. In Europe, this improvement is certainly related to the EU 's (European Union) commitment to a multilingual Europe, It suggested in 1995 that the EU citizens should be skilful in three European languages, to confirm multilingualism as the main hallmark of European identity. Of course, multilingualism is a common and increasing phenomenon in present day society, for it affects the cognitive development and help humans to communicate easily, and increase their knowledge of other
This occurs on two levels: first in terms of general vocabulary-karma, kismet- and secondly, on a more conversational level, with the use of catch phrases from films, “Bond… James Bond” or “You talkin’to me”. Hence language has had a vital impact on people as people adopt various languages and cultures by watching movies. For example the impact of Bollywood especially in Pakistan is huge where many people learn dialogues and words from these movies and use them in their daily lives not only this but they also adopt many practices from their culture such as the celebration of Hindu festivals like Holi. It is very important to use correct language in films. The roles played in films do develop our language skills.