It is important for a definition such as this to be accepted internationally as current definitions of terrorism can be abused by various factions. Many terrorist organizations use the current ambiguous definition of terrorism to promote their own interests and goals. Although politicians also promote their own interests and needs by making political use of the term “terrorism” by emphasizing the brutality of the term (Ganor 293). Another significant reason that an international definition for terrorism is adopted is to help emphasize the difference between terrorism
It explores how the uncritical belief in the official 9/11 story is affecting culture in Western Countries. An Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at Colorado State University, Peek provides through interviews of 140 Muslim Americans firsthand experience post 9/11 that lived in New York. Her book toughly shows the discrimination and various forms of harassment against Muslims following the 9/11 attack. Peek helps advance the idea that the mere accusation that Al-Qaeda was responsible for the attack on the world trade center revived and extended the country’s fear towards Muslims. Peek emphasis on how Muslim Americans treated as the enemy; the media following what the government reported framed 9/11 within the context of Islam.
This is typically the result of the presence of extreme ideology. Ideology is used to depreciate the potential moral inhibitors and justify the resort to extreme actions, including suicide terrorism and indiscriminate high-casualty attacks. This ideology provides a framework to justify terrorism as a course of action. With the main goal of pushing forward their own ideology and wanting others to accept this ideology as well, terrorists coerce others by getting them to sympathize with them. Over time, people change the way they view themselves and the world they live in.
Subsequently, throughout Krugman’s entire article about the war on terrorism, he replaces specific words and common propaganda techniques in order to demonstrate his disdain for the fighting against terrorists. Whether they are conservatives supporting war against terrorism or liberals downplaying the dangers of terror, both Coulter and Krugman use propaganda techniques and intentional diction in order to deceive their audience through a single word. A single word that can be manipulated to divide, fight, or unite. A single word that carries overwhelming authority. A single word called
As a result, the media that cover these events dictate what and how they are shared. However, it only helps to feed our sense of fear towards terrorism as well as fuel the Muslim stereotype. In fact, according to a study on deconstructing the terrorism- news media relationship, “terrorists use media as a tool to gain increased coverage and communicate their message,” but sometimes the news does it for them (Ross). For example, in the UCLA shooting, where two men were killed in a murder-suicide, the news’ portrayal of the situation led many to believe that there were multiple attackers instead of just the one. While this may not directly convey terrorists’ message, it helps to spread unnecessary fear of terrorism in our communities.
The media often tries to look for underlying conditions with white mass shooters while discarding other groups of people as terrorists. How does this instill racism and skew the view of terrorists in the direction of Muslims? The second topic
American Journal of Political Science. Hurwitz and Peffley write on how stereotypes about African Americans have an effect on people’s attitudes towards crime and policy. The authors discuss the link on race and crime and how the media has a lot to do with it. This work will be helpful to my research because of the stereotype linking blacks to crime. It will support my thesis on how race is spread throughout
Terrorism as stated in the Oxford English Dictionary is “The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims.” and calculated is “done with full awareness of the likely consequences.” From this we see that a calculated terrorist is one who made use of violence against civilians, fully understanding the consequences, in order to achieve a political goal. Next we can look into Brown’s motives for his crimes, James N. Gilbert lists 3 points as to what motivates some terrorists “1.Society is sick and cannot be cured by half measures of reform. 2.The state is in itself violent and can be countered and overcome only by violence.
In this paper, I will answer these questions and argue Max Abrahams views that terrorists are simply disenfranchised people seeking to belong. In the US when we think of terrorism we immediately picture a bearded Muslin man shouting allahu
He supports his claim by first analyzing the role politics played in mass incarceration, as well as how media portrayals incited reactions and misrepresented minorities, then he determines how public opinion affected policy, and finally, he addresses the degree to which punitiveness caused the rise and fall of support for mass incarceration. Enns ' book is helpful to my research paper because it examines the racial disparities in sentencing, as well as, discriminatory attitudes and perspectives that determine
After a terrorist attack of any kind there are always consequences that must be faced. Sometimes the point of the terrorist attacks is because the organization wished to send a message or to influence policy in their favor. However, after the 9/11 attacks administrators realized that the United States was not prepared for a tragedy of this kind and had little to no measures to prevent one, this lead them to create new programs and policies. Terrorist organization’s goal often comes down to one of the following: regime change, territorial change, policy change, social control and status quo maintenance. The main purpose of a terror attack may well be to influence public policy.
One of the biggest issues in our country today is terrorism. Many Americans are surrounded by fear of potential attacks and many more have ideas and perceptions of Muslims rooted in their mind. Yet these thoughts play a major role in racism and islamophobia, thoughts that could contribute to more terrorism, and more harmful impacts on our Muslim brothers and sisters. Muslim communities have been under intense surveillance, mapping and identifying neighborhoods where many Muslims preside. Kamalakar Duvvuru, who teaches the New Testament in India, says, “In 2007 the Los Angeles Police Department [LAPD] launched an extensive mapping program to identify Muslim enclaves across the city.
The documentary explains why America is prone to gun related deaths, and attempts to persuade the viewer to believe that journalistic media is to blame. "Seeking to explain the fear and paranoia that lead American to arm themselves, Moore casts a wide net, but he avoids some easy targets. Moore dismissed the notion that violent video games play a major role, nothing the popularity of such games in such nations as
This rhetoric can encourage for more terrorism to take place, especially in the Western world where this rhetoric is most prevalent. Anti-Muslim rhetoric can encourage terrorism because it causes some Muslims to feel hatred toward Westerners and be violent to Westerners as a result. Therefore, I have come to the conclusion after reviewing all of the information given, that ethnic profiling should not be used to prevent terrorism. Not only does profiling encourage terrorist acts, it has a countless amount of ethical implications as explained by the Open Society Justice Initiative. This source persuaded me that ethnic profiling is ineffective, supported by studies that have been conducted.
Images of Muslims are constantly recycling in American culture, whether accurate or neutral, images of Muslims presented in mainstream media and cultural forms are usually tied to terrorism. Although they existed before, stereotypes have emerged since 9/11. The reaction to them has increased, they are seen in movies, news media, political debates, and it distorts the way every Muslim is now seen. Peter Morey and Amina Yaqin in Framing Muslims: Stereotyping and representation after 9/11, suggest that Muslims tend to always appear as a problematic presence whenever they are represented. Stereotyping fixes certain characteristics, Muslims are now stigmatized as a threatening to society.