Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. The study and building of matter and molecules is involved. This happens at the scale of 0.1 to 100 nanometers. A nanometer is a type of measure and an idea of is its equivalence would be a strand of hair which is 50 000 nanometers in terms of diameter and a nylon fibre which 30 000 nanometers. This should give a clear picture of how small a nanometer is.
Nanotechnology has many definitions. It is the “understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly one to one hundred nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications,” according to the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines nanotechnology as “research and technology development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular levels using a length scale of approximately one to one hundred nanometers in any dimension; the creation and use of structures, devices and systems that have novel properties and functions because of their small size; and the ability to control or manipulate matter on an atomic scale. Scientists have been studying and working with nanoparticles
Another major consequence in using nanotechnology in the medical field, especially veterinary is the “toxic pulmonary responses in animals,” because of the diverse anatomy and physiology that they possess their bodies react completely different to this technology compared to the human body (Gwinn). Testing these nanobots on many species of animals have proved that the materials used to build them does not completely go hand in hand with the anatomy of the animals. The compounds inside the bots caused changes to the molecular structure of some of the important cells inside the animals, generating noxious chemicals that eventually kill the animals. Nanotechnology in the medical field is supposed to make doctors work easy, so many scientists are developing nanobots that will help doctors perform surgeries as they are being controlled by a remote. Many questions arise when these kinds of procedures are used to perform surgeries inside the human body, one being what happens if the doctors lose control of bots and
It is rare that a biomaterial possess all ideal properties for scaffold fabrication. Synthetic and natural materials are used in the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering and each of these material groups possesses specific advantages and disadvantages. Synthetic materials can be fabricated with a tailored architecture for specific applications, so they exhibit have pivotal properties (e.g., predictable and reproducible mechanical and physical properties such as tensile strength, elastic modulus, and degradation rate) in tissue engineering, but they have drawbacks including the poor biologically activity and cell attachment as well as they are lack cell recognition sites. Unlike synthetic materials, natural materials are biologically active and typically induce excellent cell attachment, migration and proliferation. Furthermore, they are biodegradable by an enzymatic or hydrolytic mechanism and so allow host cells, over time, to eventually secrete their own extracellular matrix and replace the degraded scaffold.
The integration of nanomaterials with biology has led to the development of diagnostic devices, contrast agents, analytical tools, physical therapy applications, molecular sensors and drug delivery vehicles. From all nanomaterials with antibacterial properties, metallic nanoparticles provide the best results. Several types of NPs, including various Molecules of 30 metal and metal oxides, have been developed and evaluated by different research groups; examples include silver (Ag), gold (Au), Ag oxide (Ag2O), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), copper oxide (CuO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and silicon dioxide
INTRODUCTION With the rapid progress of technology and science, nanotechnology becomes a prominent accomplishment of the humanity. The ability to observe and comprehend the nanomaterial has a beneficial human to extend our knowledge in a variety range of industries and scientific endeavors. Nanotechnology is defined as a structure that conducted the size of one nanometer to one hundred nanometers and it is invisible to the human eye. Nanotechnology allows the scientists to manipulate one particular particles property at a very small size and adapt it in any applications in real life (Understanding Nano, 2016). One of the applications that makes nanotechnology exceedingly successful is the use of nanomaterial in sunscreen Sunscreen provides
Nanotechnology has the potential of improving the lives of poor nations, and at the same time benefiting the economy of the whole world. Nanotechnology is the science of using very tiny particles less than 100 nanometers in diameter. This science spread all over the world recently. In fact, it helped developing countries especially in its economy by making its processes more efficient. However, using nanotechnology without safety measures, it would only benefit rich countries, while destroying the poor ones.
The pacemaker the team created is miniaturized, about the size of a postage stamp, and they expect to be able to significantly extend the life of those who experience heart failure. In food science, nanotechnology is primarily used to increase the life of fruits and vegetables. This could be achieved, for example, by putting nanoparticles of silver into foods to work as an antibacterial agent. These nanoparticles would not be a large enough component of the food to have a harmful effect or alter the flavor. In fact, many food manufacturers already use nanotechnology in food.The most compelling aspect of nanotechnology in regard to agriculture is the ability for artificial photosynthesis to be utilized in regard
The most challenging part of research in the field of nanotechnology is the environmentally safe and cost effective procedures for nanomaterials synthesis. Two approaches have been known for nanomaterial synthesis of ultrafine particles since ancient times. There are two methods employed for the nanoparticle synthesis such as "Top down" and "Bottom up" Synthetic strategies, which can also be considered as physical and chemical methods, respectively. The first is the top-down method by which an external force is applied to a solid that leads to its break-up into smaller particles. This method includes the following techniques: 1.
Small businesses and large multinational companies are working on Nano fluids. These fluids are a new field of scientific research which has grown tremendously