Error In Native Language
Linguists have also introduced a large number of competing terms concerning learners’ interference errors which are used in the discussions. Such terms include Contrastive analysis, Error analysis, Language Transfer (positive and negative transfer) and Interlanguage. For the demand of the case study, in this section I am going to discuss these terms in detail and present researchers views concerning native language interference.
2.1 Contrastive Analysis
Contrastive Analysis (CA) is systematic study of two or more languages with a view to identifying their structural differences and similarities between them. Extensively used in 1960s and early 1970s, CA was the first approach which elucidated the problems of interference of the native language
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According to Sharma(1980s) ‘error analysis can thus provide a strong support to remedial teaching”, he added that during the teaching program, it can reveal both successes and failures of the program. Duley et al(1982) mentioned that the term “error” to refer to a systematic deviation from a selected norm or set of norms. Corder (1974) suggests the following steps in EA research: 1) Collection of a sample of learner language 2) Identification of errors 3) Description of errors 4) Explanation 4) Evolution of errors.
Explaining the explanation errors, Ellis(2001,57-59 )claims that errors can be categorized according to psycholinguistics process ,into two types :
1. Inter lingual
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Researchers have identified that native language interference is one of the sources for which students have done the errors. “…… it requires particular efforts on the part of the learners from the very beginning of their acquiring the target language (TL). Again, while learning second or foreign language the habit of one’s native language often interferes. This is the reason why Bengali learners are very much liable in making errors in spoken and written English.”(Hossain, D &Uddin,T,2015)
Pointing out the influence of native language in Bangladeshi tertiary level students’ writing, Fahmida (2010) claimed that, “The interference errors in syntax and vocabulary show that the students already have learned the sentence structure and use of words in their first language but now the new structure of L2 (second language) are being hindered by the LI (first language). These errors show that the students’ knowledge of Bangla acted as a resource which they used when they display the TL (target language) in their writing.” The findings of the researches showed that the results suggested thatmost of the students transferred their native language rule patterns into their English
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