As a conclusion, Arendt define totalitarianism as a combination of total terror and ideology with the potential of destructive power existing within both Nazi Germany and Stalin’s rule in Soviet Russia. Arendt’s argument was criticized massively since it draws similarities between a communist regime and national socialism which have completely different economic base and the structure of the party system (Kershaw, 2004 : 239). Moreover, there are differences between Nazism and Stalinism in terms of the role of the leader (Sauer, 1967 : 419). While fascist regimes are identical with their leaders, Bolshevism is relatively less dependent on the leaders in order to survive and maintain the social and political order. (Sauer, 1967 : 419). Sauer …show more content…
For instance, both Arendt and Mann mentions the concept “enemies of regime” which exists in the Nazi Germany but Arendt conceptualize it as a characteristic of totalitarianism while Mann links it with fascism. This situation is mainly the result of the difficulties to describe fascism and totalitarianism in itself and the result of the usage of these terms as opposed to each other rather than being complementary during the Cold War era (Kershaw, 2004 : …show more content…
Kershaw claims that what matters is common features not the identity; therefore, Nazism might be defined as “a specific form of fascism or a particular expression of totalitarianism” (Kershaw, 2004 : 241). According to Kershaw, whether it is classified as fascism or totalitarianism there is something missing while defining Nazism (Kershaw, 2004 : 242). Neither fascism nor totalitarian is sufficient to comprehend national socialism entirely due to its unique feature (Kershaw, 2004 :
Ruiz attests to Hitler’s leadership of the Nazi Party and his influential voice in the organization. “The word is like a seed, and the human mind is so fertile” (Ruiz 28). There are times when the word is unintentionally misused by the people closest to us because they may be having a bad day, creating a complex within ourselves because we pay attention to their opinion and agree with it. “That is why we should forgive them; they don’t know what they do” (Ruiz 36). The only way to break these spell is to make new agreements based on truth, because the truth will set us free.
“Ideology is a specious way of relating to the world. It offers human beings the illusion of an identity, of dignity, and of morality while making it easier for them to part with them… It is a veil behind which human beings can hide their own ‘fallen existence’, their trivialization, and their adaptation to the status quo.” The ideology and its slogans are meant to be not only the signs if the regime but also its assurance to unite people in one order and keep them in this way. The metaphysical order ensures the system to exists in a
In 1919, Benito Mussolini described fascism as “A movement that would strike against the backwardness of the right and the destructiveness of the left.” That “Fascism sitting on the right, could also have sat on the mountain of the center… These words in any case do not have a fixed and unchanged: they do have a variable subject to location, time and spirit. We don’t give a damn about these empty terminologies and we despise those who are terrorized by these words.” Fascism came into prominence in the early 20th-century Europe. It originated in Italy during World War I.
Slavery and the Holocaust has a lot of similarities. Some similarities are people were mistreated because of their race/religion. Both slavery and the Holocaust were tortured or beaten in some kind of way. Some lives were even taken. I think that Slavery would be worse fate because it lasted a very long time.
Furthermore, while absolutism is a political ideology, communism is an economical ideology. Thus, absolutism is more similar to fascism than
Throughout history governments have evolved in their laws and ruling tactics. It has also changed the way literature has been portrayed to the readers. This essay is based on Totalitarian government. Totalitarianism is a form of government that whereabouts the fact that the ruler and government is an absolute control over the state. Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin and Benito Mussolini are some of the dictators that had total control over the people and state.
Multiplicity of bureaus became an intentional program of the totalitarian regime, in an attempt to obfuscate and distance the citizen from any understanding of power, as well as to increase the 'stability ' of the totalitarian system. (pp 409, 441-442) The random execution of power and the obfuscation of the bureaucracy serve as the cornerstones of totalitarianism 's assault on the individual. Consider Arendt 's observations of 'rule by decree ' (pp 244), and the deification and worship of unintelligible power.
This philosophy dictates that everyone in a society are equal and that all aspects of life are controlled by the state (Waugh, 2001). Unlike his counterpart, Hitler practiced Nazism during his tenure as Nazi Germany’s totalitarian (Waugh, 2001). Nazism asserts that everyone has unconditionally pledged their loyalty to the ‘Führer’ and that the Aryan race was superior to all other races (Waugh, 2001). Such contrasting beliefs would eventually play an integral role in discerning both men. Both tyrants were also segregated by their dissimilar
The Third Reich, referring to Hitler’s reign and Germany being under Nazi rule between the years 1933-1945, is often referred to as a totalitarian state. A totalitarian state is a system of government in which all power is centralized and does not allow any rival authorities, and the state controls every corner of individual lives with absolute power. Nazi Germany has been referred to as an excellent example of this type of government. This essay will analyse five aspects of Nazi Germany to determine whether it truly exhibited the totalitarian style of government.
Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany were similar in that both were dictatorships. Both Mussolini and Hitler came to power through legal means and believed that people were divided into either inferior or superior races. For example, Hitler was obsessed with the Aryan race and called for the genocide of Jews during WWII. In addition, both Mussolini and Hitler favored the wealthy, believed that an individual was meaningless and must submit to the decisions of their leaders, and aimed at self-sufficiency so that each could survive entirely without international trade. Furthermore, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy “had aimed for prestige and power for their countries, and brought instead humiliation and destruction” (Tarr, R.,
“To be a leader means to be able to move masses” (Adolf Hitler). The quote epitomizes both the Nazi party in Germany and the World State in the novel ‘Brave New World’. The Nazi’s and World state exercised propaganda to gain dictatorship and control over their people. It is not difficult for one man or society to dictate millions with the help of advanced technology and propaganda techniques. The propaganda techniques like card stacking, glittering generalities, and plain folks are used in the propaganda of the Nazi party(Adolf Hitler) and the World State .
Fascism and communism are both types of totalitarian style governments that had a great influence on the 20th century. Communism involved the emphasis on the common good by seizing private property and distributing it among the masses in order to create state-owned property, whereas fascism involved the complete rule of a dictator by forcibly suppressing the opposition with an emphasis on nationalism and sometimes racism. The most popular example of communism was the Soviet Union, but many smaller countries possessed the Soviet Union’s communist influence. The two most popular examples of fascist style governments include Hitler’s Nazism in Germany, which had an emphasis on racism, and Mussolini’s fascist state in Italy. Although many countries pursued communist style governments, fascism had a greater impact and
Analyzing Hoss’ childhood to his time in prison is very important because it shows how Hoss was shaped into obeying orders from higher authority and how he developed a sense of duty and devotion to protecting Germany. Hannah Arendt, the author of Origins of Totalitarianism, explains that National Socialism was a totalitarian ideology that built itself on the idea that higher authority from Himmler and Hitler was never to be judged whether they were right or wrong because by following these orders
Lee expresses “Ironically, their [neo-fascist] movements success hinged to a great extent on their ability to distance themselves from the historical image of fascism. This reveals that many contemporary extremist groups try to avoid being associated with historic fascist ideology. These groups still hold some fascist ideas, yet they attempt to develop their own image. Ingo Hasselbach recounts, “My hatred of ‘anti-fascism’ grew in prison [Rummelsburg], where the German ‘anti-fascist’ state carried on with the methods and trappings of the German Fascist state. Even though Hasselbach expresses he had some sentiments toward fascism, he does not express these were toward “traditional” fascist ideas.
Of the words: Nazism, fascism, scientific racism, anti-Semitism, inferiority, slavery, Adolf Hitler, and Plato’s Republic, which doesn’t belong? For a westerner, raised on the teachings of Plato, it is possible they would select “Plato’s Republic” as the outlier in that sentence, but this is not the case. Plato’s Republic presents the framework for one of the world’s most deadly regimes: the Nazi party, hundreds of years before its emergence. Plato’s proposals of infanticide, the superiority of certain classes, innate slavery, a totalitarian government, and in-depth eugenics programs qualify him as a probable influencer of Hitler’s concentration camps. The similarities between Nazi theory and the proposals in the Republic are undeniable, however