The Impact Of Urbanization On Public Health

The people who suffer from high levels of homocysteine are at a high risk so they need to consult doctor for the further treatments. Foods to be avoided to make a healthy blood vessels like pickles, oily foods, consumption of more salt, deli meat, frozen pizza, canned soups are to be reduced to maintain diet on the blood vessels and to avoid damages to our

This is true because not all experiments on transgenic animals are effective. Additionally, critics also pose the idea that they are concerned about the long run effect of vaccines an medicine produced by these transgenic animals. 3. They are victims themselves: -

Animal Testing Should Be Banned Animal testing also known animal experimentation is a process whereby non-human animals are used to conduct experiments. There has been an increase of animal testing in the field of biomedical research. Due to this, animal testing has become an extreme controversial topic that has created a division among different groups, of those who are supporting the process and those who are opposing. Therefore, there are ongoing debates on whether animal testing should go on or it should be banned. Some groups argue it is ethical, while others insist that the process is unethical, and there is a last group advocating for alternatives in the testing other than the use of animals.

Also, does the right of freedom of speech have a limit to it? We see a lot of injustices in our country today; is it necessary for people to voice their opinions even more or is banning that the better option to eliminate a lot of violence that comes out of it? These situations hold a lot more of ethical questions to them and should be immediately and effectively examined as thorough a possible so that there is an action plan for these situations that can affect most people. One reason why the debate between organic and inorganic food is not as urgent as these issues are because this situation does not take an immediate toll on our population. Harmful foods will take much time for it to impact us and will not do much at the current moment.

• The emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases may be attributed to social events like war or civil conflicts, rapid urbanisation and industrialisation, migration of population, agricultural practices and food production, ecological changes which may be manmade or natural; human behaviour changes, improved health care facilities for diagnosis and management, microbial adaptation by development of drug resistance, changes in virulence and toxin production, mutation, etc. • Non-communicable diseases will become a major public health problem in the country due to changing life styles, increasing stress and tensions in the modern society, with increase in the number of aged people, there will be higher incidence and prevalence of diseases like Hypertension; IHD, Diabetes, Cancers and the whole range of geriatrics

Socio political issues mean the issues that are regulated by the government but effect the society. Today national or internationally regarding health concerns there is gap of communication within the nations. Global warming is the biggest threat to the health but political pressures having bad impact on its promotion. No clear promotion and campaigns are stated for this purpose. 4.2 Analyze the impact of international campaigns and national policies on the demand for healthcare.

There are also many concerns drawn toward the uncertainty of gene therapy, especially when looking at previous deaths in result of gene therapy. Many think it is not morally acceptable to be testing on human beings when there is so much risk involved. It is also stressed that ‘gene therapy could possibly manipulate gens to genetically control traits in human offspring that are not health related (encyclopedia.com).’ To many, genetic modification or manipulation of genes is not morally or ethnically acceptable and therefore should not be done at all. Even though this procedure could save a life or help someone stretch their life span, people think it is unacceptable to play with the ‘body’ we were given. As gene therapy progresses we can see that it has many benefits and the future of gene therapy does look promising.

The production of GMOs has negative impacts on the natural ecosystem which are not apparent now but will be apparent in the future. For example, genetic changes in a particular plant or animal might render it harmful to another organism higher up in the food chain and ultimately this effect may build up to destroy the entire food chain in which that plant plays a role. In philosophy, the main argument against genetic engineering is that it violates the inherent "dignity" of humans to alter animals' DNA under any circumstance (Rifkin). The "natural" state of humans, unaltered by mortal intervention, is inherently dignified. According to this train of thought, since genetic engineering fundamentally alters human at the most basic level, it is not dignified, and therefore

Human cloning is ethically wrong; there are many risks involved, which will lead to detrimental effects on human society. Before going into my points, I would like to talk about what cloning is. According to the National Human Genome Research Institute, cloning is “a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a biological entity.” (Green, genome.gov). There are

This type of medicine has many subfields that are specialised for specific purposes such as genomic pharmaceuticals that specialises in making medicine fit for a specific genotype. There are many advantages to adopting genomic medicine into hospitals around the world but there are also many disadvantages such as the large cost to fund genomic medicine. This is why it is more effective to use genomic medicine in more developed countries at this time. Medical professionals are working towards making genomic medicine less expensive to practice and more accessible for all types of people. Table of Contents Abstract/Synopsis 1 Introduction 3 Research Proposal 5 Literature Review 7 Processing of findings 18 Conclusion 21 References 22