Transracial Adoption Effects

Win Ma PH-211: Ethics Jo Jo Koo “Let Your Kids Grow Up”: Kantian, Utilitarian, and Virtue Ethics Response to Parental-Child Upbringing of the Disabled It is common for parents to make their children become independent when the children reach adulthood. However, disabled children’s parents are hesitant to let their children become independent. To see what the parent should do I consider responses from three ethical systems: Kantian Ethics, Utilitarianism, and Virtue Ethics. As I will show, all three ethics show disabled children’s parents should make their child independent. However, I will then argue the utilitarian position is more persuasive.

Wilson stated that the causation of child abuse is multifaceted relating to the background of the parent. He mentioned individual and sociological causation such as stress, drugs and alcohol, and the ignorance of raising a child. In regards to stress, he mentioned the community and factors of location and lack of resources. This connected well to the sociological theory of child abuse specifically resource theory that relates to the lack of control by those who are economically disadvantaged and lack of alternatives to punish creating the environment for abuse (Loseke, 43). Drugs and alcohol were another causation that he brought up as a reason for abuse.

• Encouragement: if children are not given the praise and encouragement they need, this will affect their relationships and friendships as they get older and they will have poor attachment this can develop into anxiety, depression and they will lack motivation. • Learning difficulties are also a factor that influences a child’s development. Children with learning difficulties will need extra support with certain areas of development and may develop low self-esteem because they get annoyed with themselves for not being able to do something, such as a simple numeracy problem or read a book. External factors affecting learning and development are likely to be limited access to services and support, but parents and carers may not be aware of this.

One piece of evidence to support my claim is a passage from bell hooks’ essay Childhood Love Lessons. hook makes a point that studies showed that that males and females who were violently humiliated and abused repeatedly, with no caring intervention, were likely to be dysfunctional and will be predisposed to abuse others violently (hook 15). This piece of evidence shows that we are shaping the way how our children will react and do certain things in their future. They will learn different meanings of love and discipline than other kids will. By the parents or abuser, the kids will learn that this is the only or right way to discipline a child so this will happen to their children.

Transracial Adoption: A look into Black, White, & Right. Transracial adoption has become a very compelling and interesting topic over the past century. Transracial adoption is defined as the adoption of children of one race or culture to parent(s) of another race or culture. Transracial adoption started around the 1960’s after World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam war ended leaving many children abandoned and homeless resulting in a vast increase in the number of available children for adoption. (Hollingsworth, 1998; Silverman, 1993).

Some parents aim to include partially, if not all of the child’s birth culture into their household (Harf et al., 2015). While others, are not so keen and tend to favour bringing up the child completely into the culture of the adopted family (IBID). These different parenting practices, will ultimately influence the child’s future identity. Similarly, the cultural experiences of transracial adoptees are uniquely influenced by their adoption and their place within their own racial/ethnic groups and cultures (Baden et al., 2012).

I need to consider the definition of child abuse in the Western culture and the definition of child abuse in the American culture. Both definitions will be different, therefore it is unethical to punish the parents for using discipline that is custom to their culture. According to the Department of Human and Human services, child abuse is defined as “ the non-accidental commission of any act by a caretaker upon a child under age 18 which causes, or creates a substantial risk of, physical or emotional injury” (Commonwealth of Massachusetts, n.d.). There is a misconception on the definition of abuse between the Western culture and American culture. To get the correct definition, a professional who has a Western cultural background would need to give a clear definition.

As a result, any potential children these couples may have had identify as biracial. Therefore the ban may lead to segregation of these interracial communities into an even further constricted 'bubble' than they were before. The children of these couples may be affected psychologically as they may be encapsulated in the feeling that they don’t belong anywhere and are unwanted. They may face verbal and physical harassment by other people who are not biologically like them in the process of them trying to make the victims feel inferior. Many people from the working population might lose their jobs and even if they retain their jobs, the harassment they face might cause them to quit.

Parents mostly view holding back the truth from their children as a simple means of protection of their children (Bridges, 2010). Parents seek to protect their children from being hurt by information that they view their children cannot handle (Lott, 2014). Matters such as separation of parents have seen to contribute a significant share of the lies that parents feed children. Parents assume that they can withhold the truth from their children about their marital issues thinking that they will tell the truth to their children later in life when they can understand the complexity of the matter at hand. Taking this example, when the children enquire about where their parents are when they are not at home.

The bad part about being in an open adoption process is when the adopted parents feel to be a threat, fearing that the birthparents will intrude. This is a situation most people feel simply because they want the biological parents just popping in their lives. Some adopted parents don’t mind it but others do. Another problem open adopted parents have is that the biological parents might want their child returned to them. FindLaw.com said “Adoptive parent may worry that the child will be confused over who his or her “real” parents

School dress codes can lead people to be embarrassed, lose self-esteem, violate people 's first amendment right of freedom of speech, and some dress codes are labeled as gender biased towards women. School dress codes can very easily harm a kids chance at being successful not only in school, but in future life as well, if they never feel comfortable in their own skin. If they can not show off who they truly are, then why do schools highlight the importance on a child 's social emotional learning, if they themselves are harming the kids. Although school dress codes do take away economic differences in school, does that qualify as a good enough reason to harm a child’s right of self-expression? I don’t believe, children need to be taught to share with people who they are and not be hiding behind a piece of clothing they were told to wear.

This quote is explaining how kids that are going to school and coming from better households than their peers can affect how they feel about school. Kids that come from poor incomes homes don’t enjoy school because maybe they feel like they aren’t good enough for it which makes them not want to go and get into gangs or things they shouldn’t be in. In conclusion This goes back to my reasoning on saying that the strongest cause of minority male incarceration in the U.S is young dropouts because most of the kids , teens , etc that get killed nowadays aren’t educated and involved in

The issues that children face today are intense and tremendous. These issues continue with discrimination in adoption. These people see by color instead of the child. The love for a child should not matter by the color of their skin, but by who they are. Children need loving homes with caring parents.

In the film, Our Family Wedding (Rick Famuwiya, 2010), which first public appearance in cinemas in 2010, focus in an interracial couple formed by Marcus an African American man and Lucia a Mexican American woman and the obstacles that come from being in an interracial relationship. In today’s society it is more common to see interracial couples than in the past but it does not mean families are okay with it. One can think the stereotypes and discrimination faced by interracial couples are a thing of the past. But the film shows it is not true even in this time interracial couples experienced discrimination, obstacles, and a hard time of acceptance especially from their families. Rick Famuwiya’s Our Family Weeding (2010) uses different scenes through the movie focusing on the variety of issues face interracial couples.

Beginning the adoption process for families is a very exciting time. Normally families who want to adopt have talked about this day for a long time and cannot wait until the day they bring a child home. During the adoption process it is not likely for the families to consider or think that they would ever want to dissolve the adoption at some point in the future; however, sometimes this happens. Dissolution can occur and Lifeline Children Services has a policy in place if this were to happen with one of the families they serve. Lifeline is an agency in Birmingham, Alabama that serves families who want to adopt.