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Newcastle Disease Case Study

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2.1. History: The first notorious recognition of the Newcastle disease (ND) is Java, Indonesia (Kraneveld, 1926). It was followed by an occurrence in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England (Doyle, 1927) thus coining the term for the disease. There are also some previous reports of similar illness in Central Europe as well (Hallas, 1912). Specifically, McPherson (1956), attributed the cause of mortality of all chickens in the West Islands of Scotland to be Newcastle disease in 1896. The ND might be such that it did not occur in poultry prior to 1926 but the particular time of its recognition as a lethal viral poultry disease originates from its outbreak in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. The name New Castle was devised by Doyle as in 1935. After some time, mild …show more content…

Another factor is the revolution that has occurred in world transport. Air transportation especially has led to a huge and growing trade in captive caged birds. Antigenic and genetic evidence (Alexander et al., 1997; Lomniczi et al., 1998; Herczeg et al., 2001), also report a global spread of third pathogenic virus during 1970s. Another panzootic occurred in piegons in 1980s rather than poultry but its spread also occurred to poultry (Kaleta et al., 1985). In 1990 in Ireland two outbreaks of ND occurred in egg laying birds. (Alexander et al., …show more content…

The results showed that a combination of live and inactivated vaccine provide greater protection against NDV. It is being used in monitoring programs in poultry production very successfully. The ability of the live virus to interfere with monitoring and diagnostic laboratory can be regarded as a potential obstacle (limiting factor) for the use of live vaccine. However, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR), discriminates between low virulent and virulent NDV, thus minimizing the disadvantage of live virus vaccines in the face of an outbreak. Hence, the use of such vaccines to control outbreaks of virulent ND in the future can be facilitated. The effect of emulsion structure upon level of in vivo antibody formation against inactivated New Castle Disease virus (NDV) was demonstrated by Jansen et al (2006) in which W/O-type emulsions were noted to induce the best immune

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