The term “New Englishes” defines the varieties of English. It serves as a more adequate term than ‘non-native’ or ‘indigenized’ to discuss a variety of English that differs from that spoken by English people living in England before its territory expansion through colonization in Scotland, Ireland and other parts of Europe (Mufwene, 1994). According to Guerra, these New Englishes are acknowledged within a foreign language class (2014). Platt asserts that English is one of the most commonly taught languages in this world. From within these non-native situations, New Englishes have developed and are used within the community. Through speakers adapting the language to their lives and cultures, and the influence of other languages from surrounding …show more content…
According to a census in 2016, the total population is currently 392, 718 (Worldometers, 2016) with most people residing in Nassau, New Providence, Freeport or Grand Bahama. The Lucayan Indians are the first known inhabitants of The Bahamas, migrating to the islands from South America as 600 CE. They continued to live on the islands until the Spanish invasion during the fifteenth century. Hence the name Bahamas, which was derived from the Spanish words baja and mar, meaning “shallow sea’. This conquest destroyed the indigenous population through enslavement and disease. Despite their expedition, the Spanish occupied The Bahamas for a brief period of time. Their place was taken by English settlers, who came from Bermuda to establish the first colony on the island of Eleuthera. Their settlement was also brief, as the islands lacked gold and other sought after resources. During the 1700s, The Bahamas became a haven for pirates. Due to the geography of the islands, it was well situated for ships seeking shelter from treacherous surrounding waters. As a result, the British sent Captain Rogers to The Bahamas in 1718 to drive the pirates from The Bahamas and regain control for the British. In the 1780’s, many British settlers relocated to the newly formed United States. Most loyalist also returned to England. The only people who remained, were those too poor to relocate. The relied on resources from the sea and land. During 1833, the passing of the Abolition of Slavery Act in Great Britain caused the population of the island to decompose. Therefore, Africans, who arrived with colonializing Europeans via Bermuda, repopulated The Bahamas, giving it a unique language and culture. An estimation of over 90% of people of The Bahamas can trace their roots back to Africa (Donelly,
The colony came to America to find riches like gold. They initially were so committed to finding valuables that time was not taking to farm or prepare for winter, so many of them did not survive the first winter. The location that was chosen for the colony was swampy and infested with mosques. The colony later began
Sir Walter Raleigh, an English noble and a favorite of the queen had established the colony. He had chosen the island due to its remote location. The paper thin water was a challenge to navigate and Raleigh
April 27, 1584 is when the first voyage took place to Roanoke Island, Sir Walter Raleigh sent an expedition led by Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the east coast of North America. While exploring they found an Island which is Roanoke Island they found this Island on July 4th. Barlowe found two Croatoans ( small Native American group living in the area) and there names are Manteo and Wanchese Barlowe brought them to England and the two men where able to describe the geography of the area to Sir Walter Raleigh.
Oglethorpe allowed the British to begin sailing thousands of inmates over to Georgia because of Oglethorpe s experience with them, as he was a prisoner reformer. Oglethorpe knew that his colony wasn t useless, and the British knew that aswell; the Spanish had exiled many to the North because of the protestant races inside the colony of Florida, so, Georgia taking advantage of this, allowed them into their land so that they could seek shelter and refuge away from the Spanish imperialism. This also applied to many escaping from the Catholic church in Europe, or some who wanted to experience what it felt like building new lands in the west. Georgia in the 1700s was a unique colony because of it s ban on slavery and importation of alcohol, the
They were tired of the homeland always controlling the ships that brought over goods and not being allowed to get anything else from other nations. By being under British control, the colonists had to rely on British merchants and British ships to carry the raw materials, which could go off in the time it took to transport. This was the beginning of illegal trade. Many of the colonies were located in Bermuda and the nearby islands, all of which were owned by different countries. Just by proximity, the islands had to trade with one another.
In 1585, an expedition was sent by Raleigh that led to the building of a fort on Roanoke. English colonialists, amounting to almost 100 arrived at the coast of Chesapeake Bay in 1607. Jamestown was founded, which was among the first English settlements to be set in North America. These colonialists were exposed to many adversaries and dangers that included hunger, diseases, and attack from Indians.
The second monday of october is when many celebrate Columbus Day. A holiday designed to honor Christopher Columbus, an Italian explorer, who set foot in the new world on October 12, 1492, five hundred twenty five years ago. He intended to find a western sea route to China, India and Asia where gold was rumored to be found in abundance. Instead he landed in the bahamas. He didn’t realize until his third voyage that he didn't land in china but a land that the Europeans had no knowledge on.
Many countries attempted to start colonies after the New World was discovered. During the late 1500’s England attempted to settle a permanent colony in present day North Carolina. Their purpose for sailing over to the New World was to interfere the shipping for Spain. With a blessing from Queen Elizabeth of England, Sir Walter Raleigh set off to the New World with the help of Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe in command of the ships. The first of the Roanoke Voyages came in 1584.
During the Colonial times in America, people from all over Europe migrated to the new American Continent. They came for many reasons such as religious freedom, escape a destitute life, laws or taxes, and most to escape King George III of Britain. Yet the miles of ocean separating them from Britain did not save them from the oppression of Britain’s King or his tax demands. This caused a major unrest among the colonies and eventually led to the Revolutionary War.
In 1584 a group of English colonists attempted to set up a colony in the New World. This colony would be set up on Roanoke island, which is present day North Carolina. ¨The lost colony was England’s second colony in America. The first had been established on Roanoke Island by a group of 108 men sent to the island in 1585 by the English soldier and explorer Sir Walter Raleigh (World Book, Vol. 12).”
The relationship between Britain and its American colonies was civil at first but began to strain in the mid-1700’s. In the beginning, Britain ruled colonies with little involvement because they were busy dealing with the French and Indian War among other things. As a result of this, the colonies were typically left in charge of themselves with little interference from British authorities. After years of being left alone, the colonists had developed a feeling of freedom and independence. When the war ended there was a significant change in the relations between England and the colonies.
In the 17th century, British settlers and navigators colonized new territories and set up trading posts in these regions that were later known as the American colonies. As
Those people moved to the city, where yet again they found themselves out of employment due to the Industrial Revolution making things more efficient. With no other method to support themselves, the farmers turned to crime to make a living. Although there were over 200 crimes that were punishable by death, including impersonating an Egyptian (Convict Creations N.A, N.D), many of those were not carried out, instead the criminals being banished to America. As a result of this, when the British lost the U.S. as a dumping ground for malefactors, the prisons began overflowing, and eventually even the hulks, a decommissioned war ship began running out of space. When the British were in desperate need of a colony where it could send its prisoners, Captain Cook found fertile land and foreign plants on the east coast of Terra Australis Incognito in 1770 (ADB N.A, 1966).
The land now known as the United States was once settled only by Natives. It was later discovered and partially occupied by the Spanish and the Portuguese. Soon after, England followed in their footsteps and settled colonies along the East Coast. England’s reign went from Maine (then called Massachusetts) to Georgia. The colonies themselves had different purposes, due to the differences in climate, but all colonies had some amount of indentured servitude.
Finally, for mainly historical reasons, certain English dialects or varieties have been viewed more positively than others. Thus, Standard English, because of its association with being the national English language, has been perceived as the most prestigious of English varieties. However, the fact that some dialects and accents are seen to be more prestigious than others is more a reflection of judgements based on social, rather than linguistic, criteria. As society changes, so too do attitudes towards dialect, accent and variational use of English generally.