Kenya and South Africa were victims of the dramatic consequences of the Whites’ domination. Indeed, dispossessed of their means of survival, Kenyan local farmers, who did not have much room for manoeuvre, converted themselves into job-beggars, living on Mexican breakfasts. To mop up the dirt-poor dirt nap in which they were then drawn, they started selling their sweat of labour to the new ‘master’. In so doing, the invaders, by large, turned the Kenya into a camp where life fell to bits. And to eke out a living, the indigenous populations, at the drop of a hat, turned turmoil alike and rushed to burn the midnight oil in the White man’s new field.
This dark period of the Kenyan history was and continue to be a source of inspiration and reflexion
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Implemented in 1948, the apartheid regime gave birth to a society which was organized into a social pyramid with Whites at the top. The black man’s dignity and humanity were trampled underfoot by the intruder who considered himself to be God’s favourite. Any form of resistance was smothered by the discriminating regime. Consequently, South Africa was fastened down a political and economic system in which there was no room for black and other nonwhite communities to feel free and enjoy justice.
However, although the autochthons did not have elbow room to withstand the white man’s terrible onslaughts, they gave themselves over to revolutionary and underground movements through which they fire back to fit out with the necessities of life.
It is in this context of domination and resistance in Kenya and South Africa that we propose to make an in-depth analysis of the notion of Feloniousness through Ngugi’s A Grain of Wheat and and Alex La Guma’s A Walk in the Night.
To better apprehend responsibilities, will drill down the impact of the sociological environment on the psychological state and evolution of the guilty character. Indeed, some specific social parameters impacted a lot on the colonizers’ and colonized’s reactions. Hence the need to look at these social aspects with a magnifying glass to better read
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It can determine the way of life and the psychological reactions of an individual once he or she comes of age. Mugo, in GW, was an unfortunate child who had not the opportunity to grow up with his own parents :"Mugo’s father and mother died poor, leaving him an only child in the hands of a distant aunt, Waithero" (Ngugi wa Thiong’o, 1967). His relationships with his choosy aunt found ground on hatred ; what inevitably moulded a particular personality in the orphan child. His childhood was an expression of a threadbare existence. He was daily treated as a good-for-nothing boy enjoying no rights to voice his mind. With neither friends nor playmates, Mugo was secluded and totally cut off the rest of his community. The bedroom he used to share with her aunt would serve as a pen for Waitherero’s goats and
“Letter from a Birmingham Jail” was written by Martin Luther King in 1963. He claims that real civil disobedience doesn’t mean succumbing to the forces of evil, but encouraging people to use the power of love to confront evil. He believes in the power of conscience which is implicit in everyone’s mind. He wants to awaken the conscience of more people, and he wants to use moral force to expose the unjust law. He also indicates that law-abiding protests and moralizing can not simply abolish apartheid.
This chapter addresses the central argument that African history and the lives of Africans are often dismissed. For example, the author underlines that approximately 50,000 African captives were taken to the Dutch Caribbean while 1,600,000 were sent to the French Caribbean. In addition, Painter provides excerpts from the memoirs of ex-slaves, Equiano and Ayuba in which they recount their personal experience as slaves. This is important because the author carefully presents the topic of slaves as not just numbers, but as individual people. In contrast, in my high school’s world history class, I can profoundly recall reading an excerpt from a European man in the early colonialism period which described his experience when he first encountered the African people.
The Case of Ronald Cotton Sol Ridgeway University of North Texas The Case of Ronald Cotton 10 years in prison, is what Ronald Cotton had to endure for a crime he didn’t commit. Jennifer Thompson in 1984 was a college student making great grades and feeling really good about her future. While sleeping in her bed one night, she heard something in her bedroom and when awoke, saw a man crouched by her bed. The man jumped on top of her, put a knife to her neck, and began to rape.
Chapter 2 begins with the Heritage of Colonialism. This is an important aspect for the remainder of the book. Without understanding where African politics started and how it related to the world, one would not be able to appreciate the growth the nation has had. The author of this chapter, Crawford Young begins to explain European
The famous English poet Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “Speech is power: speech is to persuade, to convert, to compel. It is to bring another out of his bad sense into your good sense”. Although voice is undoubtedly one of the most powerful and versatile assets humans possess, simply having a good voice does not ensure power. This idea is well illustrated in Alan Paton’s Cry the Beloved Country where Paton creates characters that have powerful voices but lack other essential qualities necessary to become powerful leaders. Set in a time where racial tensions between the blacks and the whites are at their highest, Africa is in desperate need of a gifted leader who can step up and guide the people to glory.
The African continent was not unaccustomed to the idea of warfare, trading, and the keeping of slaves. In fact, these aspects of African life typically intertwined; as Equiano tells, the “stout mahogany-coloured men” would bring them “fire-arms, gunpowder…they always carry slaves through our land”, typically prisoners of war or criminals (Equiano, 30). The author himself was raised
From mid-15th century to the end of the 19th century, in order to provide labor, the western colonial countries took a large number of black people from Africa to American colonial plantations and mines. Since the slave trade was mainly carried out on both sides of the Atlantic, the western countries generally call it “the Atlantic slave trade”. Although it brought huge profits to the capitalists of Western Europe, it is the darkest period in African history. We can say that the slavery in the New World was absolutely dehumanizing, and it’s extremely cruel. It has caused billions of Africans lose their lives and has had a very serious impact on the development of Africa.
It hurt their economy and many Africans suffered greatly. Imperialism also created a new racist system called Apartheid, which lasted for about 50 years. In the article, South Africa - The Story of Gold and Diamonds, it states, “In 1950, the Population Registration Act further divided the citizens of the country into “white” and “nonwhite” categories... The 1953 Education Act forced Africans out of white mission school and into state-run schools, where students were taught the significance of the ethnic differences separating the nonwhite communities. Other laws sought to limit contact between white and nonwhite communities by reserving employment for white workers and making provisions for separate public facilities for the different races” (Zrenda).
And the novel repeatedly tells us that these crimes--not the casual brutalization of black men and women, not the denial of political and economic rights to the overwhelming majority of the population-are the big problems in South Africa” (AUTHOR NAME AND PAGE NUMBER?). This shows that Europeans are titling blacks as thieves, prostitutes, and murders. They are pretty much titling them as their downfall to society. They are blaming all of the bad stuff that happens in there everyday life on the Blacks of South Africa. They are not seeing the big picture which is that the white forced themselves into their land and caused them to become poor and are forcing them to scramble for money.
In The Legacy, Basil Davidson discusses the legacies of colonialism in Africa and gives an insight on modern Africa and the successes and downfalls that it possesses. Moreover, he states that many of the issues seen in modern day Africa are not new and have their roots in the long years of European colonialism that profoundly shaped and continues to shape the continent. Throughout the documentary, various themes regarding postcolonial Africa are mentioned in depth. A few of the themes that Davidson highlights are modernization, ethnicism, corruption, inequality, dictatorship, and neocolonialism.
In modern ages, there have been many problems in terms of racial and cultural division. To get past this stage, we need to learn from the lessons Malcolm X and Nelson Mandela tried to give us from their memoirs. From Malcolm X, the society can learn that through motivation, determination, and education, people can get to freedom. From Nelson Mandela, the people can learn that through love for one another, trial and error, and peaceful protests, we can change the society we live in, one step at a
In Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country, we see how black communities were subjected to segregation, inequality, and a rising crime rate. A few of the most controversial laws that took place during the apartheid include; The Race Classification Act, The Mixed Marriages Act, and the Group Areas Act. The Race Classification Act divided all citizens into different racial classes, examples being White, Black and Indian… (Etc.). The Mixed Marriages Act prohibited marriage between those of different racial classes. And finally, the Group Areas Act appointed segregated areas for housing and services for each race.
Ever since South Africa gradually transformed into democracy and annulled apartheid, people have been stepped into a gestation period in which to contemplate collective guilt and search the origin of the committed violence (Diala 50). Thus, J. M. Coetzee composed Disgrace and attempt to explore the historical roots of racist perspective in post-apartheid South Africa.
Introduction Apartheid was an official barrier which separated the different races in South Africa, namely the black South Africans and the white Afrikaans South Africans. Although Apartheid ended 20 years ago when Nelson Mandela was elected president, Apartheid still plays a large role in South African History. Apartheid began long before it was officially named Apartheid in 1948 by the leading political party, National Party. The separation between the black and white people of South Africa began around the time Jan Van Riebeek arrived in the Cape in 1652. Since then the segregation escalated due to events which caused hatred between the two races.
Colonial authority was based on the notion that Europeans in the colonies were a biological and social superior entity in comparison to the indigenous people. Types of British identities were engraved in the diverse colonial settings, just as the metropolitan British identities were being forced in relation to “others” (people of dissimilarity) in the 18th and 19th century. Legal and social classifications designated who could or who could not obtain membership to the elite group, and who could become a citizen rather than a subject. In the 17th century the Dutch and the British colonized the previously unexplored South Africa in a drive for modernity.