The Nile perch in Lake Victoria: Interactions between predation and fisheries. Ecological Applications, 7 (2): 653-664. Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. 1984. The Effects of Predation by Nile Perch, *Lates niloticus* (Linne) Introduced into Lake Kyoga (Uganda) in Relation to the Fisheries of Lake Kyoga and Lake Victoria. FAO Fisheries Report, 335: 18-41.
TLC, NMR, and IR spectroscopy were used throughout the process to identify ferrocene and acetylferrocene in addition to evaluating the levels of purity. Evidence: The objective of our experiments was to prepare acetylferrocene from ferrocene. The overall reaction was carried out using 6.1 equivalents of liquid acetic anhydride to 1.8 equivalents of phosphoric acid and concluded with an aqueous workup with NaOH. The initial reaction mixture containing ferrocene, acetic anhydride, and phosphate acid was mixed on a hot stir plate. During this period, reflux was observed, and the mixture appeared dark brown in color.
Colorimetric determination of total protein in serum is based on the biuret reaction. The serum protein reacts with copper sulphate in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The Rochelle salt (K-Na-tartarate) contained in the biuret reagent is utilized to keep the formed cupric hydroxide in solution which gives the blue colour. The absorbencies of the sample (A sample) and of the standard (A standard) were read against the reagent blank in the spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 545nm. The total serum protein concentration (C) was calculated as follows: C (mg/dl) = A sample × concentration of the standard A standard.
* The above procedures were modified from the "Background on Making Soap and Detergent" on Lab Achieves. In week 2's experiment for HCl standardization 0.2 g of Na2CO3 was weighed and dissolved into an Erlenmeyer flask filled with 50 mL distilled water. 4 drops of Phenolphthalein were added to the solution and the color was recorded. The solution was titrated with HCl until just before the endpoint (when the solution is very light pink). Solution was cooled to room temperature and the sides of the flask were washed with small amounts of distilled water to get all of the sample back into the solution.
Then 1 ml from these bacterial solutions were added to 1 ml of MHII containing different concentration of ciprofloxacin 0.5x, 1x, 5x, 10x, 20x, 30x, 50x,75x and 100x MIC to each well in 12-well plate. Colony counts (CFU/ml) were determined at different time points (T0, T3, T24) by using appropriate dilutions of each culture. Using spot-plating method (32) 10µl was spotted on LB agar plates. However after 24 hour exposure the bacterial cell from dilutions of ≤ 1x102 were washed twice with sterile PBS prior to plating in triplicate. These were then incubated overnight at 37°C.
3.1. Materials and microorganisms Eugenol (99 %); Coniferyl Aldehyde (98 %); Ferulic Acid (99 %); Vanillin (99 %); Vanillic Acid (99 %) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Methanol used for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was purchased from Merck and was HPLC grade. All the other chemicals used were of analytical grade and commercially available. The Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIM 2100 bacterial strain was obtained from National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Pune and was provided by Department of Bio-Engineering, BIT Mesra.
2010b). Thirty female BALB/c mice (8 weeks old) were purchased from CLEA Japan (Tokyo, Japan) and used for the in vivo studies. 2.3. In vitro cultivation of Babesia parasites
Materials Alpha Lipoic acid (purity > 99.90%) was obtained from EVA PHARMA for Pharmaceuticals & Medical Appliances, Cairo, Egypt. Merbromin reagent was purchased from El-Nasr Chemical Ind. Co., Egypt. Reagents for preparing McIlvaine’s Buffer (Citric acid monohydrate and disodium monohydrogen phosphate) were purchased from El-Nasr Chemical Ind. Co., Egypt.
The preparation of the dilutions is a multi-step process in which the dilution is appropriate for a 250 ml sample of algae water. Chlor Brite: Dissolve 8 grams of the powder into 4 liters of tap water Remove 1 ml of this solution Add this to 1 liter of water Remove 1 ml of this solution to add to samples in the D group Power Powder Plus
2.3. Synthesis of 2-(2-(Morpholinomethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)acetohydrazide (4) To a solution of compound 3 (0.01 M, 2.89 g) in methanol (60 mL), 99% hydrazine hydrate (1 mL) was added and the mixture was refluxed for 6 h. The reaction mixture was cooled and the solid thus obtained was filtered, washed with cold water and recrystallized with ethanol to obtain the compound 4. 2.4. General procedure for synthesis of 1-{(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl}-2-(morpholinomethyl)-1H-benzimidazoles (5a-r) An equimolar mixture of compound 4 (0.001 M) and substituted carboxylic acid in phosphoryl chloride (POCl3) was refluxed for 8–12 h. Then reaction mixture was cooled, poured into ice-cold water and neutralized with 20% w/v NaHCO3 solution.