Advantages And Disadvantages Of Lifelong Learning

Wain (1987) identifies education in lifelong learning into following three kinds – formal education, informal learning and non-formal education. Among the components of formal education include hierarchical structure, an educational system that is chronologically graded as well as a variety of specialized institution as well as programs for professional and technical training. In the informal lifelong learning, the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes acquired by individuals are derived from his / her daily experiences, the resources from mass media, library, market place, work and play, family and neighbour, the environment as well as the educative influences. Lastly, in the non-formal education, it refers to the activity of an organization that is considered to be outside the conventional or recognized formal system. This is true to all organizations that either operate separately or as a necessary feature of a greater activity,

People with emotional stability will have less anxiety, fear and have higher expectations from learning. Watson and Clark (1997) pointed out that extraversion have a positive effect on informal learning as it is described as a form of interactive learning particularly, learning from others. People with openness to experiences can improve their skills as well as knowledge through the interaction with others as well as self-reflection.

Unideniably, the element of motivation is an important factor influencing employee performance. Werner and DeSimon (2011) defines motivation as the desire in the achievement of a goal or a certain performance level, thereby leading to a goal-director behaviour. When someone is motivated, it only means that he/she is trying his best in the accomplishment of certain task. The motivation of employees is influenced by different factors such as the resources, support and