"Some of the worst things imaginable have been done with the best intentions" ( ). The History of Northern Ireland and the IRA is a history of oppression and terrorism for the people involved, there is no clear line between morally righteous actions, and violent atrocities. Both the Irish Republican Catholics and the British/Irish Loyalist Protestants had fought each other for generations before the troubles (Name given to this period) began, since the annexation of Ireland (Tools 94). Once Ireland became an independent nation is when the Issue of the mostly British held Northern Ireland became to unravel. The IRA was a response of intimidation and mistreatment by the Protestant Northern Irish government, as a means of fighting back. The reality …show more content…
The British annexation of Ireland occurred during the reign of Henry the 2nd in the 12th century, when the Unified English king invaded the conflicting warlords who were trying to govern Ireland (Ireland). Additionally, this unfortunately gave Ireland the distinction of being the first colony of England, and thus the country was ruled by English kings for centuries. The significant event that created even more tension between England and Ireland was the split between England and the Catholic Church. Occurring during the reign of Henry 8th, England and the Catholic Church split causing England to become the Protestant Anglican, Ireland on the other hand remained Catholic (Ireland). It could be argued that Ireland remained catholic to go against England, specifically the Anglican sect since the English king was the head of the church. This fundamental difference in religious made England to view Ireland as more of a threat than before, creating more tension between the colony and nation. This all leads up to the modern era where the Irish war of Independence finally allowed Ireland to be independent in 1922 after three years of fighting (Ireland). While this allowed most of the nation to become free, in the North of Ireland they remained loyal to England. This became the modern legacy of the tension between Ireland and England, a small Catholic …show more content…
The North Irish Government was a bigoted one, similar to the American south in the 1950s, and the Apartheid government in South Africa they the government let public policy be to condemn a certain group of people, in this case Catholic. As stated in the Book Making Sense of the Troubles the story of the conflict in Northern Ireland by David McKittrick and David Mcvea, “the Unionist establishment, which was to run the state on the basis of Protestant majority rule for the following half-century, actively discriminated against Catholics in the allocations of jobs and housing, over political rights and in other areas” (Mckittirck 4). Again this was similar to other nations at the time making the Irish minority another discriminated group in their own country. This all lead up to the 1960s where there was a civil rights campaign to combat the institutionalized decriminalized by the Protestant government, it was in fact influenced by Martin Luther King and the black civil rights movement in the United States (Mckittrick 39). Unlike the United States where for the most part helped the Black cause and civil rights, in Ireland it gave birth to the violence that would come, the peaceful protests would fail. In Londonderry 5 October 1968 a peaceful march was attacked, the local police overreacted and started
a) By the 1600s, most of North America wasn 't claimed by the Europeans i) There were three European powers established in the Americas (1) Spain established Santa Fe in 1610, France established Quebec in 1608, and Britain established Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 b) Britain didn 't make an effort to explore the Americans in 1500s against the Spanish empire i) When King Henry VIII broke from the Roman Catholic Church in 1530s, tensions arose which brought the English Protestant reformation. It was Catholics versus Protestants (1) Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne in 1558 which caused England to become Protestants and a rivalry against the Spaniards who were Catholic ii) Ireland wanted to be
Although Swift was an exceptional activist for ending Irish oppression, the horrible conditions lasted for several years. Around the time of the American and French Revolutions, the Irish were inspired to rebel against Britain; however, in 1798, their attempt at standing up for themselves was unsuccessful. In the year 1800, oppression against Ireland grew worse when they became part of the United Kingdom. During this time, anti-Catholicism had grown tremendously in the United Kingdom, making it extremely difficult for the Irish to represent themselves. Ireland’s poor conditions continued to grow worse, and ultimately they reached one of the lowest points in Irish history: the potato famine.
Differences in religion and beliefs could be witnessed across Europe. For example, the Spanish were Catholics, where most of the northern countries were Protestant, and between them was the Holy Roman Empire. This was a place of conflict due to it containing both Protestant and Catholic kingdoms (Source 1). One important political event which occurred was the creation of the Church of England. King Henry VIII removed Catholic church power and introduced such bills as the Submission of the Clergy in 1532 and Act of Supremacy in 1534.
Irish has no self rule and potato famine. Many came to settle the frontier
Once arrived, the Irish lived in ethnic enclaves that contained a lot of Irish individuals because they could continue to practice their culture and be amongst individuals whom they were familiar to. Based of their
The Irish, and Catholics in general, were growing at a too fast of rate to many Americans. They were afraid that the Catholics would get in the way of building their Christian America. The strong anti-Catholic prejudice continued in America very many years but toned down a bit as prejudice towards blacks grew. Anti-Catholicism was still present but got pushed onto the back burner for a
Catherine McAuley was unlike any other rich person of her time. Where others sought greed, McAuley dreamt about ways to better society while holding true to her Catholic religion, which is very shocking to me. McAuley came from a rich Catholic family, but that didn’t stop her from doing what she felt was right and believed in. It is amazing knowing that even at a very young age McAuley was changing lives, teaching other young children in the streets to sow. McAuley believed that the children would learn independence and be able to earn a living by acquiring the craft of sewing.
Charles I son of James VI of Scotland tries to enforce the Divine Right of Kings but faces opposition from Parliament this begins the English Civil war. Charles I then makes several mistakes including marrying Henrietta of France, who was a Catholic yet England was Protestant. All mistakes have consequences and King Charles first consequence was a strained and wounded marriage to his wife Henrietta. Charles often got into trouble, and one of the times was when he tried to impose a new prayer book in Scotland. This angered the Scots and they went to War against England.
I. England and the New World A. Unifying the English Nation 1. England experienced religious conflict between Catholics, Protestants, and Anglicans. a. Henry VIII started the Church of England and he and his successors killed hundreds of Catholics.
Introduction The signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on December 6, 1921 brought the Irish War of Independence to conclusion, halting the guerrilla warfare between forces from the Irish Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Unfortunately, the explicit terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 generated a mass amount of tension within Ireland, specifically between Irish Republicans. Ultimately, I believe the Irish Civil War came about as a conflict over whether or not to accept the terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. The war engaged in two forms of warfare—conventional and guerrilla—the first lasting from June to August of 1922 and the latter from September 1922 to April of 1923.
Yong June Jung Ms. Foster British Literature 24 January 2016 Who is the intended audience of “A Modest Proposal” and why? A Modest Proposal, is a satire literature essay written by Jonathan Swift, mourns the sad destiny of Irish individuals who are confronting issues of desperation and neediness by confusing the readers. The author uses confusing words and descriptions to make the reader think that the intended audience is Irish people.
“The memory of 1798 would be both a proud inspiration for some and a dire warning to others” . One thing that wasn’t influential was the United Irishmen as it collapsed shortly after the rebellion ended. “The movement collapsed under the strains of severe government repression, repeated disappointment of hopes for French assistance, the arrest or defection of its ablest leaders, and internal dissension and distrust” . Even though it collapsed, it could have still have made an effect on future rebellions. Ireland is known for its history of failed rebellions, but each rising holds a fundamental role in history.
The Catholics formed their own government called the Catholic Confederation, and had support from clergy and most of the Irish Catholics throughout Ireland. Upper class Catholics were less supportive in fear of losing their lands. As time went by the Confederation gained and lost holdings throughout the country and by 1649 on Dublin was left in their grasp. When the English Civil War ended with the execution of Charles I, English troops could set their sights on Ireland. Cromwell landed in Ireland in 1649 and quickly took the towns of Drogheda and Wexford through massacre.
As the War was going on Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which they entered the War in August 1914 as one of the Entente Powers, along with France and the Russian Empire (“Global World Warrior”). As the War outbreak most of the Irish people, regardless of political affiliation, supported the war in much the same way as their British counterparts and both nationalist and unionist leaders initially backed the British War. Over 200,000 Irishman fought in the war, in several theatres and either 30,000 to 49,000 died. When World War I ended Sinn Fein won the Irish general election of 1918. As this all came about it was when Ireland was coming up for election again and Sinn Fein’s campaign ending up winning majority of the votes.
The Irish history went from horrible to bad and finally great, this is why. The Irish immigration came to be, because of the Great Famine, which pushed people to immigrate. They then abandoned Ireland to come to America for a better life. They finally started to blend into American cultures, but also gave non Irish their way of living and songs. This article is about the Irish famines, immigration, and blending into society in more detail.