Nutrition In Animal Nutrition

Animal nutrition is going on many decades having problem about animal required feed and feed formulation, many scientists still finding excellent required feed according the need of animals as well as in this phenomena few basic questions are rising according the animal required feed and feed formulations, these are feed type, energy requirement, source of nutrients, animal health, age, species, animal type, weather, environment, feed formula and feed digestion mechanisms having the effects on animal nutrition. The accurate measurement of digestibility of nutrients and there availability in the body is a question according the feed and there formulation. In animal feed the protein is a big source of nutrient component, without protein the animal

The endogenous protein secretion is responsible for production and losses, if the amino acids are balance in the feed then digestibility and animal productivity is increased but if they are unbalance then it’s not only poor feed but also increased endogenous amino acid losses in animal. The endogenous amino acid are originate from sources such as digestive & internal secretions saliva, bile, gastric, pancreatic secretions, intestinal secretions, muco-proteins, sloughed intestinal epithelial cells, serum albumin, and amides (Hee et al, 1988; Nyachoti et al, 1997; Ravindran and Bryden, 1999). The acid flow nor the concentration of dietary amino acid influence the order of predominant amino acids of endogenous origin rather the concentration of endogenous amino acid n the digesta. Therefore, the relative of amino acids of endogenous origin from different sources is influenced by the diet. The other amino acids are high in the endogenous secretions of germ free chicks (Salter and Fulford, 1974). Threonine, serine, proline, and valine have also been reported by Lien et

These animal bring losses are not influenced by the feed ingredient composition but they are strongly influenced by the total dry matter intake (Boisen and Fernández, 1995; Hess and Sève, 1999; Moter and Stein, 2004) and, for this reason, they are expressed diet, regression method or the peptide alimentation techniques. All of these methods have their advantages and limitations and yield variable estimates of ileal endogenous amino acid losses. The large number of experiments on ileal endogenous amino acid losses are conduct with feeding N-free diets and the regression method are relatively similar (10.5 and 12.0 g CP per kg DMI), but lower than the value of (17.2 g CP per kg DMI), obtained with the peptide alimentation technique (Jansman et al., 2002). Another vitro technique, Boisen and Fernández (1995) estimated basal ileal endogenous amino acids losses to be 13.2 g protein per kg DMI.

1.2. Specific ileal endogenous amino acid losses

Specific ileal endogenous amino acid losses represent the losses above the basal ileal endogenous amino acid losses that are bring by specific feed ingredient characteristics, such as the concentration and type of fiber or anti-nutritional factors. Another metabolic cost effects on ileal endogenous amino acid losses to characterize diet effects on these losses. if feeding highly digestible purified