Observational Learning Theory

According to The Philippine Star’s official website, in the last year’s batch of Makati Science which took the NAT (National Achievement Test), the school was able to top at the NCR (National Capital Region) with an MPS (mean-preserving spread) of 82.07 percent with English as one of the highest with a score of 84.22 percent. In the NAT results, the students of the school were able to surpass their grade in Filipino which is their first language. A lot of students master their subject-verb agreement rules but fail in application of the rules. Students get outstanding scores in written exams like indentifying the error in sentences but the application is unsuccessful. The same case goes to spelling and vocabulary. The students know how to spell

Observational Learning. People, especially children, learn from their surroundings by imitating what other people do. An experiment done by Bandura called the Bobo Doll experiment showed an adult showing aggressiveness to the doll in front of a child. The child later did the same thing to the doll after observing the adult.

2. Bandura determined three basic models of observational learning:

• Live model. The person performing the action

• Verbal instruction model. The one sharing the details of the behavior

• Symbolic model. It can be a fictional or a non-fictional character or media such as movies and books demonstrating the action

3. The state of mind. Bandura stated that external reinforcement is not the only one that can affect the learning and behavior but there is another one called the intrinsic reinforcement which appears in the form of internal reward such as the sense of accomplishment and confidence.

4. Learning does not mean that there will be a change in the behavior of an individual.

The Modeling Process What people observe aren’t always learned or copied right away. Factors that affect both the learner and the model can play a part that will tell whether the learning is successful or

Research design

The research adopted the single group design. One section took a writing test and the outputs were checked afterwards.

II. Research locale

The research was held in the Makati Science High School.

III. Subjects of the study

The subjects of the study were the students of one of the sections in

Grade nine.

IV. Sampling

The researcher took her own section as the subjects of the study in order to reduce the amount of time taken to do the experiment.

V. Instruments

The research instruments needed were paper and pen.

VI. Data gathering and procedure

The class was given 30 minutes to produce a descriptive essay of any topic of their choice. The researcher then collected the data which is the written output and each output was checked by three people including the researcher. An interview took place with each student after the checking of the papers. The researcher asked them a question about what caused them to make the mistakes on their paper.

VII. Treatment of Data

The data will be shown in a table together with the summary of the interview. CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF