Ocean Acidification Lab
Dyana Padron
Chemistry
Ms Johnson
June 1st 2015
Introduction:
Ocean acidification is when the ocean 's pH is downsized. Ever since the industrial revolution, CO2 (carbon dioxide) has increased in the earth 's atmosphere, and much has been absorbed by the oceans, which has made a very large increase in the ocean 's acidity, when carbon dioxide is absorbed into the water, it dissolves forming carbonic acid, which is a factor that take a large part in the acidity raising, because of this, according to National Geography it has been proven that marine animals are having birth defects because of this, and because of the high acidification the acid comes down on the shells (the home) of an animal and dissolves it, causing
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Hypothesis: If a pollutant such as oil is added to an aquatic environment, then the pH is more likely to be affected when sand is …show more content…
in this one, there is pollution (oil) in the water, and after the universal indicator was inserted there was just a little slight change in color, the color was like how it was in the first bottle, but this one had pollution (oil) in it bottle with half oil, salt water, and sand on bottom… this one as shown above it is very noticeable, it is easy to see the pollution (oil) on the top the sand on the bottom and the bold blue color in the middle, indicating that the the pH level had changed the most bottle with salt water and sand.. As depicted in this picture the second bottle, a slight change occurred and it was noticeable, when sand is present bottle with salt water… it is clear to see that the water only changed a slight, after the indicator was put
Second trial/after 48 hours
from left to right: bottle with salt water... the color changed a slight bottle with salt water and sand...the pH has changed a little more since the sand is present, so the change in color is
Ocean Acidification Formal Laboratory Write-Up Background: Around the coast of Ischia Island, the water is being saturated with carbon dioxide. Chalk at the bottom of these waters is being boiled by nearby volcano, Mount Vesuvious, thus creating streams of bubbles coming u to the surface. With the chalk coming up to the surface, it is acidifying the water around it. This ocean acidification can cause tiny sea creatures, which normally absorb carbon dioxide, to be exposed to too much carbon dioxide that will in turn have a chain reaction effect in the food chain.
In “Is Fish Farming Safe?” Terry McCarthy states that the current way of fish farming is ruining our water and eco systems by dumping waste. Elizabeth Kolber essay “The Acid Sea” discusses about the carbon dioxide we are pumping into our oceans, and Susan Casey “Our Oceans Are Turning into Plastics… are you?” focuses on how we are dumping plastics and garbage into our oceans. While despite these author’s talking about different topic they all agree about future ramifications of having wastes in our oceans and waters.
Our class went to the Conodoguinet creek and we tested the creek for signs of acid rain pollution, phosphates and nitrates, and dissolved oxygen levels. My hypothesis is that the creek would end up being polluted. But after the testing we did our results showed that the creek was not polluted. some of the tests we completed were water alkalinity tests, critter count tests and rocks that neutralized the acidity of acid rain. We also calculated the velocity of the water.
These color changes indicate a chemical change, which show that a reaction had occurred. In the first step when o-vanillin and p-toludine, imine was formed. The color change from green to orange suggests that imine appears as orange colored. In the second step, the addition of sodium borohydride reduced the imine into another derivative, which was yellowish lime color. The solution turned clear when acids and anhydrides was added, which indicated the precipitate were dissolved.
CO3-2 + 2H+ 2HCO3- Thus when the oceans become more acidic, the free hydrogen ions block marine life from creating the protective shelter that they need; the shells become porous and more energy is required to complete anabolic processes. This marine life not only relies on calcium but also forms of calcium that are indicative of a more alkaline
by Brett Garling from the Mission Blue Sylvia Earle Alliance, states that factory farming contributes to the sea temperature rising and ocean acidification because the rising of atmospheric temperature is also rising global ocean temperatures, that leads to the widespread of coral bleaching. He says this is a problem because bleaching slows down coral growth which makes them vulnerable to catch a disease, and later leads to large-scale reef die-off(Garling). Also Garling states that a “greater concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing the acidity of the global ocean,handicapping the extensive roster of marine organisms that build shells or
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION BACKGROUND: Covering about more than 70% of the surface of the Earth, the oceans are one of the most important and distinguishing characters of the planet Earth. The oceans play a central role in the Earth’s major processes. They are the hosts of millions of species of organisms that inhabit millions of ecosystems. Carbon dioxide released due a variety of human activities has decreased the pH of water in the ocean.
Photosynthesis is, in a nutshell, a chemical process through which plants, some bacteria and algae, produce glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water, using only light as a source of energy. In this experiment, we saw that even underwater plants (Elodea) respire, by exchanging carbon dioxide with the water, in the form of Carbonic Acid. When CO2 is used in photosynthesis, the level of Carbonic Acid drops. Thus, water living organisms have the ability to change the pH of their environment as they add or remove CO2. Bromothymol Blue was added to the test tubes as a neutral pH of 7.0.
Acidification of the ocean is created through the process of the “absorption of the carbon dioxide by seawater, carbon dioxide reacts to form carbonic acid, and carbonic acid breaks into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions and reduces the amount of carbonate”(Ludwig). As the pH level decreases, shelled organisms are threatened and as they “lose resistance to disease and predation” because the acidity of the ocean, it “begins to dissolve anything with calcium carbonate” (Atikkan). This creates a huge shift in ecology and decimate the established food chain in the ecosystem as small prey reduce in numbers. Humans depend on many of these shelled organism for food as “marine and freshwater fisheries, a primary source of protein and other goods and services for humans” (Dixon). Humans have a choice to make in their vital role they have for the future of the ocean and “without the reduction of [carbon dioxide] emissions, the seafood of the future will be monotonous and rubbery” (“The Sant Ocean Hall”).
I’m sure the cause of the ocean acidification is that we are changing the environment very quickly and now, we are converting hundreds of millions of years of fossil fuel, burn it, and turn it into carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is finally absorbed by the ocean as an acid and
The issue of Ocean acidification is the direct effect of the rising levels of carbon dioxide in the ocean as well as the atmosphere. With the rise of carbon in the ocean, the pH level, which determines the amount of ocean that is acid. The root of the problem has been occurring since the 1830’s. In history, this has occurred once and that happened over 56 million years ago and the sources are unknown. This recent occurrence started due to the introduction of the Industrial Revolution.
Acids are proton donors in chemical reactions which increase the number of hydrogen ions in a solution while bases are proton acceptors in reactions which reduce the number of hydrogen ions in a solution. Therefore, an acidic solution has more hydrogen ions than a basic solution; and basic solution has more hydroxide ions than an acidic solution. Acid substances taste sour. They have a pH lower than 7 and turns blue litmus paper into red. Meanwhile, bases are slippery and taste bitter.
Ever since the industrial revolution commenced, around one third of the carbon dioxide released by human interference has been absorbed by the ocean, which is one of the reasons of the drastic change in climate as well. Without the ocean absorbing carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide n the atmosphere would be drastically higher, with possibly increasing the levels of climate change. The point of the research is to see how will the pH affect the organisms in the marine ecosystem and does carbonation affect an organism’s mass and form. Many organisms that are part of the marine food chain are going to be affected by ocean acidification due the levels of acidity deteriorating the calcium carbonate within the animal. It turns out
One of the few major consequences is the change in global ocean pH or known as the ocean acidification. In this report, the importance of CO2 as one of the main contributors to ocean acidification and how to reduce its concentration in the atmosphere is addressed