Assignmen#1 Title: Acidification of oceans Name: Attiqa Khaliq Father name: Muhammad Khaliq Roll no: 0061-BH-BIO-T-2014 Subject: Environmental Sciences Submitted to: Dr Faiza Sharif Government College University (Lahore) Acidification of Oceans For millions of years, Earth’s oceans have maintained a relatively stable acidity level. Research shows that a recent and rapid drop in surface pH that could have shocking global consequences through the distortion of the ocean’s acidity. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution fossil fuel-powered machines is used .The result of this industrial revolution has been the emission of tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into Earth’s atmosphere. The rapid growth in the use of fossil fuels has increased the amount of global carbon dioxide emissions.
Name: Ng Xin Yi ID number: I14005408 Tittle: Acid precipitation and ocean acidification threaten the environment. Introduction Ocean have maintained stable pH level ten million years ago. However, the pH value of ocean waters has drop year by year since the beginning of industry evolution. The impact on beginning of industry evolution lead to releasing billion tons of carbon dioxide gas and some other greenhouse gases into Earth 's atmosphere. The release of excessive carbon dioxide gas has been absorb over time by the ocean.
For example, some Pacific Island nations are expected to be partially or completely submerged by the end of the century. Coastal and shallow marine plants and animals will be affected, for example mangroves and coral reefs. The increase in standing water may allow more insects like mosquitoes and diseases spread by insects, such as Lyme’s disease. Effect of Man-Made Greenhouse Effect The most serious problem that caused by the man-made greenhouse effect is global warming which is an increase of temperature on the Earth’s surface. This is because the Earth’s unable to release enough heat to space and thus leads to global warming.
Normally, the ocean is included in a carbon cycle, where its doing a sink and stores a large percentage of an Earth 's total carbon.The atmosphere and ocean they make a contact with one another, CO2 is transferred in these two, particularly from the atmosphere to an ocean 's surface until they will arrived to an equilibrium stage which can take to an year to complete it. When the atmospheric Carbondioxide liquefies into ocean, so it will reacts with water through a sequence of steps to form an bicarbonate ion. In the ocean, about a 90 percent of all the inorganic carbon will in the bicarbonate state , with the 9 percent as an carbonate ion and the latter one percent dissolved in CO2. However as concentration
These gasses destroy the ozone layer and absorb heat respectively. These types of gasses are called greenhouse gasses and the increase in temperature as a result of increases in these greenhouse gasses is called global warming. Global warming causes man made climate change; which is any change in long term weather patterns, melting of global ice reserves, and an increase in land and ocean temperature. High ocean temperatures, high acidity; which is low ph level, mechanical destruction and sedimentation are factors which destroy coral reefs. Hich carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere traps heat which is transferred to the ocean; it is also absorbed into the ocen, which causes the ocean to become more acidic.
Global warming has and is still negatively affecting coral due to the rising temperature of the ocean. The oceans temperature rose 0.18° fahrenheit every decade between 1970 and 2010 due to global warming (Fujita). Even though this doesn’t seem like much of a change, this extra heat makes the sensitive coral more susceptible to illnesses (Le Page 37). The unusually warm waters makes the corals expel food-producing algae which causes the coral to lose its color, turn white, and die due to the lack of nutrition (Markey 1). This is called bleaching (Fujita).
Every year the water rise from 10-20cm. Temperature rise : the rise in temperature which is due to the increase in CO2 in the atmosphere , leads to climate change and hence cause global warming. Shrinking ice sheets : sea levels rise faster causing climate change and which leads to ice sheets shrinking. This can lead to catastrophic flooding , and can cause huge problem to the countries near by. So what is global warming and what causes it?
Ocean Acidification Lab Dyana Padron Chemistry Ms Johnson June 1st 2015 Introduction: Ocean acidification is when the ocean 's pH is downsized. Ever since the industrial revolution, CO2 (carbon dioxide) has increased in the earth 's atmosphere, and much has been absorbed by the oceans, which has made a very large increase in the ocean 's acidity, when carbon dioxide is absorbed into the water, it dissolves forming carbonic acid, which is a factor that take a large part in the acidity raising, because of this, according to National Geography it has been proven that marine animals are having birth defects because of this, and because of the high acidification the acid comes down on the shells (the home) of an animal and dissolves it, causing the animal to not have a home, which leads and causing its death. Normally, the ocean has an acidification of about 8.2 which is pretty basic, over the years it has dropped to 8.0 which is a huge increase in the ocean 's acidity. Human beings take a huge part in causing ocean acidification because of all the factories and cars use cause a lot of pollution and CO2 to go into the air, which eventually ends up in the oceans. This particular project will be conducted to help demonstrate how pollutants such oil affect oceans acidification, this
Acid precipitation is a broad term that scientists use to describe various ways through which acid falls out from the atmosphere (Wondyfraw, 2014). Acid precipitation such as acid snow, hail, dew and fog form when sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide physically and chemically react with sunlight and water vapour (Chesapeake Bay Ecological Foundation, Inc., 2013.). Atmospheric SO2 alone has increased by 20 fold globally since the 1800s. ( Lehmann et al., 2008). Atmospheric acid deposition in form of rain, fog or snow was identified as major environmental problems for the countries in Europe, East Asia and North America (Bouwman et al., 2002).
“At this rate, we would expect nearly one ton of plastic for every three tons of fish in our oceans by 2025,” says Nicholas Mallos, director of Ocean Conservancy marine debris program. Ocean pollution is a very evident problem. There are two types of pollution, nonpoint source pollution, and point source pollution. Nonpoint source pollution is pollution that is a result of runoff, which comes from smaller sources and point source pollution is pollution coming from a single source, such as an oil spill. Point source pollution has a larger impact on the ocean compared to nonpoint source pollution but thankfully it occurs less.