Pulmonary Oedema Case Study

A tired uterus from induction of labor, multiparity, general anesthesia, prolonged labor, or amnionitis also place a patient at higher risk for PPH (Oberg et al., 2014). Further risk factors include previous cesarean section, coagulation defects, fibroids, or placental issues. Lacerations from an instrumental delivery, precipitous delivery, or a manipulative delivery can also cause PPH. Finally, uterine inversion and hematomas can be complications leading to PPH.

Pregnancy can trigger the disease due to women of childbearing years being more at risk of having Lupus. Researchers believe that estrogen plays a role in disease development, but the actual cause of the disease unknown. Environmental factors play a role in the disease such as; exposure to the sun, stress, and smoking can spark an outbreak. Some of the symptoms associated with Lupus are; butterfly shaped rash on the face, feeling severely fatigue, extreme weight

Of course, the condition will most likely involve a heart problem, which is discovered at birth, along with a webbed neck, chest deformities, many birth marks, also known as café-au-lait spots, and a short stature. The features of this syndrome are not fully known, considering the fact that there are numerous characteristics and no two infected individuals have the same exact features. Like in most other disease cases, there are lists of more minor symptoms that can occur in an individual. In infants and newborns, feeding problems are present, due to a poor sucking reflex. Behavioral problems and developmental delays can occur, which causes the individual to achieve milestones slower, such as sitting and walking.

Dyspnea is one of the symptom with patient suffering from heart failure and also experience wheezing. ( chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49:171.). BNP(B-typ Natriuretic peptide) blood test done on her, to check wether she is suffering from heart failure. Mrs.Smith was monitored closely for signs of deterioration and vitals done regularly.

Diagnosis: Diagnosis of acute Charcot joint or neuropathy is quite difficult, clinical suspicion is highly important. Infection is the primary differential diagnosis, most prominently either cellulitis or osteomyelitis. Imaging and examination are used to find out if there is infection; if not, then the diagnosis would most likely be Charcot joint. Clinical image such as a warm, edematous, erythematous joint with intact pulses in the absence of infection is Charcot foot until proven otherwise. If edema and erythema disappear with 5-10 minutes of leg rising in the supine patient, it is suggestive of Neuropathy.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition which affects the heart muscle. The left ventricle of the heart becomes enlarged which can result in the inefficiency of blood being pumped around the body. In Lily’s situation, this was a genetic condition however this condition may also be caused by viral infections, auto-immune disease or even pregnancy (British heart foundation, 2017). Development According to Feldman, (2004) children with chronic medical conditions are expected to require longer hospital stays.

This paper is a brief description of Agoraphobia; the symptoms of agoraphobia are related to panic attacks but Agoraphobia is the anxiety about being in places where escape might be difficult or embarrassing or in which help may not be available should a panic attack should develop. The Symptoms include heart palpitations, rapid breathing or shortness of breath, blurred vision, dizziness, and racing thoughts. Often these symptoms are thought to be a heart attack by the individual, and many cases are diagnosed in hospital emergency rooms.

There are many postulated causes of DCM, including pregnancy, diabetes, alcohol, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. [5] In 50%, the cause is not known (idiopathic DMC). [6] For this systematic review, we focus on the thyroid levels in patients with DCM. Thyroid hormone has major effects on the heart.

In some cases, a woman could have been raped, or been in a situation of incest that passes multiple copies of genes to the fetus that could cause genetic mutation. It could also affect the women financially where she could not be able to take care of the child, or could interfere with her education

Implication of performance measures for patients with heart failure: A Review Abstract: The strain of heart failure (HF) has become one of the cardinal public health complication, with constantly higher rates of serious morbidity and mortality. The American College of Cardiology (ACC) /American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) have developed evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of heart failure (HF) to help practitioners to ensure appropriate and consistent treatment for patients and improved clinical outcome. Performance measures are standards of care that imply that physicians are in error if they do not properly care for patients according to these standards and definitive diagnostic or therapeutic

• Lung disease is usually manifested as obstructive lung disease due to bronchiectasis. Patients often develop difficulty breathing, cough, and wheezing. • Pancreatic disease manifests as recurrent pancreatitis, abdominal pain, diabetes, and malabsorption of nutrients. • Cystic fibrosis if often identified during newborn screening programs in the United States. Some cases are missed and present during older age.

Anxiety is embedded within the symptoms of postpartum depression and the research demonstrates data as to why this can be overlooked in many cases (Thurgood, Avery &Williamson, 2009). “This may be why so many cases of PPD are missed, as many clinicians use the Patient Health Questionnaire which covers depressed mood and dysphoria, but not anxiety as their primary screening technique” (Thurgood, Avery &Williamson, 2009) . Indeed, 66% of depressed mothers have a co-morbid anxiety disorder and should be evaluated carefully by their physicians so the appropriate interventions may be utilized. It is important for the physician to distinguish these feelings of anxiety as pathological and not necessarily attributed to being a new mother. Some physicians generalize having anxiety as a result of being a first time mother or being a mom in general, this results in treatment being overlooked.

The most common type of nosocomial infections are surgical wound infections, respiratory infections (such as ventilator-associated pneumonia), urogenital infections, as well as gastrointestinal infections. Wound and burn infections often nosocomial in nature. Hospital-acquired infections are a major source of morbidity, and even mortality to surgical patients. Immunocompromised patients, the elderly and young children are usually more susceptible than others. Nosocomial infections frequently occur after inhalation therapy, during use of indwelling catheters, transmission of communicable diseases between patients and healthcare workers, surgical procedures, injections, contamination of the health care environment (even the food or water provided at hospitals) or during use of chemotherapeutic or immunosuppressive drugs.

Identifying a Researchable Problem For this research project, I have chosen Ventilator-Acquired Pneumonia (VAP) among the intensive care patient population. This is a primary concern and prevention effort with intubated patients while in the intensive care unit. Patients in the intensive care unit often face many challenges during their stay. As an intensive care unit patient, they are often critically ill and are at a high risk for death; however, they are also at a high risk of death related to secondary complications often associated with nosocomial-acquired infection.

Davidson et al., explains that because of the fact that preeclampsia is a complication of late pregnancy, if symptoms are seen in the first half of the pregnancy, molar pregnancy must be considered as the first diagnosis. (2012, p.