Ohm's Law Lab Report

¬¬¬¬¬¬Abstract

Electrical circuits are described with mathematical expressions. Usually, it is possible to calculate the currents and voltages in a circuit by solving a set of equations, the calculations are required to design a safe circuit.and this is one reason why advanced mathematics is so important in the field of electrical engineering. The circuit equations can be determined using Ohm’s Law, which gives the relationship between voltage and current in a resistor (V=IR), and Kirchhoff’s Current and Voltage Laws, which govern the currents entering and exiting a circuit node and the sum of voltages around a circuit loop, respectively.

Objective(s)

The purpose of this experiment is to verify Ohm's Law using resistor in dc and ac circuits.

The proportionality constant, R, is known as the resistance and is determined by both material properties (the intrinsic resistivity) and geometry (length and cross-sectional area of the active material). In equation form, Ohm’s law is: V = IR.

It is important to understand just what is meant by these quantities. The current (I) is a measure of how many electrons are flowing past a given point during a set amount of time. The current flows because of the electric potential (V), sometimes referred to as the voltage, applied to a circuit. In much the same way that a gravitational potential will cause mass to move, the electric potential will cause electrons to move. If you lift a book and release it from a height (high gravitational potential) it will fall downward (to a lower potential). The electric potential works in a similar way; if one point of the circuit has a high electric potential, it means that it has a net positive charge and another point of the circuit with a low potential will have a net negative charge. Electrons in a wire will flow from low electric potential with its net negative charge to high electric potential with its net positive charge because unlike charges attract and like charges

The bigger the values of the resistors, the bigger the values of the electromotive force will be resulted. This shows that the voltage range and resistor value is linear to each other, while perpendicular with the value of the current. For more clear details, see the date table above

Conclusion

Overall, both parts of this lab demonstrated the relationship outlined by Ohm’s Law and fostered a higher comprehension of the mechanisms driving circuit behavior. The direct relationships between voltage, current, and resistance allow measurement of the voltage and current without resistance being known. Moreover, the experiment also demonstrated how the different configurations of resistors, parallel or in a series could play a role in the behavior of the circuit and its components.

References : [1] R. D. Knight, Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Pearson Education, 2004. See Sec.