Biofilm Formation Research Paper
The oral flora is one of the most diverse bacterial floras worldwide. Oral bacteria are equally distributed worldwide; most of the same types of bacteria are present throughout the world. More specifically, they are independent of local differences. This happens because the teeth and the mouth cavity can easily support the formation of the biofilm due to their optimum conditions and their non-shedding effects. Furthermore, they have the ability to be transferred among the hosts by a direct contact of the mouth cavities and the exchange of saliva.
1.2. Bacteria and Biofilm formation
According to the medical dictionary, a biofilm is a “thin layer of microorganisms adhering to the surface of a structure, which may be organic or inorganic, together with the polymers that they secrete”.[3] In general, microorganisms like bacteria, have the ability to attach to surfaces by producing extracellular polysaccharides. In this way they form a biofilm which is very resistible to antimicrobial agents such as detergents and medication. This is why bacteria are very likely to cause infectious diseases.
1.2.1. Steps of oral Biofilm formation
Step 1: A thin layer of membrane called dental pellicle deposits on the teeth providing the appropriate surface for bacteria to attach.
Step 2:
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