1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. RESEARCH BACKGROUND
Politics is generally defined as activities that would affect or hinder the activities of counterparties.Dubrin (2001) defined Organizational politics as informal approaches to gaining power through means other than merit or luck. According to Bodla, M. et al., (2011), organizational politics is one of the most common features present in organization which mainly emerges from power, authority and individual preferences and influences. He further states that organizational politics derives the attitudes and behavior of employees which is highly dependable upon the perception perceived through politicked environment. Research on organizational politics reveals that nature of task, independence to work
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PROBLEM STATEMENT
As discussed above, employees tend to get involved in organizational politics for different reasons. Such politics can result in significant negative repercussion at both individual and organizational level. Many researchershave shown that organizational politics have a negative relation with job attitudes of employees and with organizational performance. (e.g., Ferris et al., 1996a, 1996b; Drory, 1993; Viogda, 2000).
Pakistan is also one country suffering from this problem. Hence, in order to combat this negative consequence of politics, there is a need to conduct study on how organizational politics impacts employees and their job satisfaction in Pakistan. Therefore, our study is designed to determine the impact of organizational politics on job satisfaction of employees.
Moreover, this issue, existing at both individual and organizational level, plays a very critical role in smooth functioning of the organization. Thus, management of every organization should take special care of politics as they can drive the organization towards its goal or away from its
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However, the broader objective of this study is to enhance our knowledge through the findings of this study.
To determine the impact of organizational politics on job satisfaction of employees (main objective)
1. To ascertainjobsatisfaction of managerial level employees as an effect of politics using likert scale.(sub objective)
2. To determine job satisfaction of executive (non-managerial) level employees as an effect of politics using likert scale.(sub objective)
1.5. JUSTIFICATIONS OF THE STUDY
The research, as discussed above, talks about the organizational politics because of different reasons. Therefore, these reasons needs to be identified so to minimize the negative consequence of politics as they can hinder ones effectiveness in the organization that may result to change in job attitudes which might lead to increase in job turnover ratio etc. So, we need to study the impact of organizational politics on job attitudes specificallyJob
This form of nepotism is creating a “revolving door” keeping corrupt officials involved in our political
Politicians who avoided taking strong positions on whether they were pro or anti-trust were seen as cowards who would rather cater to big business than ensure the welfare of citizens. However, politicians were also reluctant to take action because they were being influenced by these corporations. A political illustration that arose at this time titled “The Bosses of the Senate”, demonstrates the ease at which monopolists were able to influence political decisions - or lack thereof (Document 3). The illustration depicts several industries-copper, steel, oil, iron, and coal- as bags of money hovering over senators at their desks. During this era, monopolists were able to buy state legislatures, which directly appointed senators to congress, and controlled which senators were in office through bribery, intimidation, and threats.
Throughout Ken Kesey’s, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, the balance of power is challenged in the psychiatric ward. Out of the several leaders that appear in the novel, Nurse Ratched and McMurphy are the most prominent. During Nurse Ratched and McMurphy struggle for power, they share many of the same qualities. It is argued that: “McMurphy and Ratched are alike in intelligence, military service, distinctive (if opposite) clothing, and conventionally masculine qualities” (Evans). These small similarities; however, do not distract the characters from fighting for their individual beliefs.
Administrative Search Name: Institution: Over the years the courts have continuously expressed doubt on whether the Fourth Amendment should apply to inspections under administrative search. There are instances where the courts allows authorities to search the property of other or even a person. Often, the Court has held that administrative searches differs from police search in crimes such as; robbery/ burglary, rape, or murder. Accordingly, the Court has imposes different and reduced requirements for administrative searches and in some instances the Court has ruled in favor for warrantless administrative searches. For instance, in Frank v. Maryland the court held that some administrative inspections like fire, health or housing inspections did not require warrants since they were widely accepted by the public.
The NCO Corps began in 1775 with the establishment of the Continental Army of the American colonies. By 1778, Inspector General Friedrich von Steuben wrote The Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States outlining the duties and responsibilities of the noncommissioned officer (Arms, 2007). Knowing as the “Blue Book,” this regulation standardized the role and responsibilities of the noncommissioned officer. The Blue Book emphasized the importance of selecting the best-qualified Soldier for noncommissioned officer positions. During the Civil War (1775-1783), the noncommissioned officers gained importance by leading and fighting from the front lines.
Conflict in criminal justice organizations are a normal process and it may be impossible and harmful to eliminate it. A criminal justice organization may face four major types of such conflict (Stojkovic, Kalinich, & Klofas, 2012). They include personal, group, intra-organizational and inter-organizational conflict. Personal conflict is conflict inside a person, when the individual is struggling with their values and belief versus that of the organizations. Conflict within an individual can also arise when a person has to choose between two alike wanted options or between two similarly harmful objectives.
Introduction In Freshman 15, Melody A. Graham PHD and Amy Louis BA present a very compelling argument pertaining to the topic of weight gain in college freshman. The authors present the readers with their findings in an article format, which is accompanied with supporting data that was gathered in a study of college students. The key objective is to challenge the reader about the validity of the perceived weight gain of college freshman. This paper will review the author’s arguments and evaluate if they achieved their desired objective.
The literature support for this project consists of analysis of several studies that examine the impact on access to care for those who live with a minimum of one health condition, and have limited income. Further, the studies examine these impacts on both those less than 65 years-old, and those 65 years-old and greater. Last, the impact of access to transportation is examined with regard to its impact on access to care (access). These issues are contrasted with how telemedicine can improve access for this patient population.
Introduction Organizational Behavior is the field of study which investigates the impact that individuals, group and structures have on behavior within the organization. We are born in an organization, we live, we work and most probably we will die in an organization. Yet most of us do not understand how people function, behave and interact between each other within these organizations. We also do not understand if people shape an organization or an organization shapes people. Different people work differently in different situations.
The organisational culture is a set of certain assumptions, values, and norms being shared by the members within an organisation. Employees are informed about the importance of an organisation through the values helping in increase of organisational effectiveness. The culture is also known for performing different functions within an organisation. The organisational culture has influence on the organisational behaviour and other aspects of management that are important to understand for management (Bell & Smith, 2010). For this reason, the purpose of the paper is to provide the analysis of organisational culture, management practices, motivation and performance, group dynamics, and conflict management within Tesco.
When women were given opportunity to participate in the labour market they were still given low wages then man, feminism movement was associated with seeking equal human right and opportunities for women in economic activities. Organizations have now became flexibly people from different races are allowed to exercise their cultures in the work place for example Friday Muslims go to prayer at a certain time and organizations respect that,this is a reflection flexibility. Organizational culture plays a very important role in intergrating employees.the aim of strong cooperate culture is to form strong identification and loyalty within the man organizations objectives and values.the use of culture as management strategy . Corporate culture was put on agenda .according to Thompson & McHugh (2004) “This can be defined as a way in which management mobilize combinations of values, language, rituals and myths and is seen as the key factor in unlocking the commitment and enthusiasm of employees”.
There are many different definitions of workplace culture. Charles Handy an Irish author/philosopher specialising in Organisational Behaviour and Management famously said that, “Culture is the way we do things around here,” but if someone was on the outside looking in how would you explain that to them. Would you have to be working there a long time yourself before you could see “how things work around here”. Because culture in an organisation is what makes it unique, it’s the personality, the attitudes, and the way we interact and relate to each other these are the things that attract the best and Brightest talent to a company. So, if an organisation has a “strong, positive, clearly defined and well communicated culture with strong core values” (Deloitte) that company is onto a winner.
Politics and power have a close relationship, “Politics: power in action” (Robbins et al., 2010, p251). Due to the resources of company is limited, the rights and resources of the company are hierarchical, which means that the higher level of member has the more power and the more available resources. The situation facilitate me to focus on learn real estate knowledge and do planning tasks without
Before I attend to this class, I think Organizational Behavior (OB) is a concept how behavior affects the management, leadership and relationship among people in an organization resulting from the meaning of OB word by word. Nevertheless, this assumption was changed after I attend the Organizational Behavior class, which has the subject code BUS 314 thanks to my lecturer- Mr. Nguyen Dinh Hoang, who put huge efforts to inspire me to learn this subject. At the beginning of this course, he drew an overview of Organizational Behavior, is a field of study that explores the impact of three determinants: individual, groups and structure of an organization.
Moreover, both job satisfaction and employee engagement are playing a significant role through accomplishing the organizational goals and objectives effectively and efficiency. Job satisfaction is important in the organizational settings, because according to Robbins and judge in 2013, first of all, job satisfaction affects productivity because several studies have stated that, the more employees are satisfied and happy, they more likely to have more products. Secondly, job satisfaction influences absenteeism, there is a negative relationship among job satisfaction absenteeism because satisfied employees are less likely to miss work. In the third place, job satisfaction again plays an essential role through the decisions of staying or leaving of the workers within the organization which is called turnover .in the fourth stage, job satisfaction is the main consideration of an employee 's organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), also the employees who are more satisfied are more likely to involve in OCBs, and talk more positively about the firm.