What is Ovarian Cancer: Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. Women have two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus. The ovaries each about the size of an almond produce eggs (ova) as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone.The ovaries are two female reproductive glands that produce ova, or eggs. They also produce the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. Cancer starts when abnormal cells in the ovary begin to multiply out of control and form a tumor. The tumor can then spread to other parts of the body.The 2 tests used most often to screen for ovarian cancer are transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and the CA-125 blood test. TVUS is a test that uses sound waves to look at the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries by putting an ultrasound wand into the vagina.
A Pap test is a procedure that involves collecting cells from your cervix and examining them under a microscope. A Pap test can detect cervical cancer and changes in your cervical cells that may increase your risk of cervical cancer in the future. Very rarely, ovarian cancer cells can be detected during a Pap test.Very rarely, ovarian cancer cells can be detected during a Pap test. If the ovarian cancer cells travel away from your ovaries through your fallopian tubes and uterus to the area
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It 's not clear what causes ovarian cancer. In general, cancer begins when a genetic mutation turns normal cells into abnormal cancer cells. Cancer cells quickly multiply, forming a mass (tumor). They can in. The type of cell where the cancer begins determines the type of ovarian cancer you have. Ovarian cancer types include:Epithelial tumors, which begin in the thin layer of tissue that covers the outside of the ovaries. About 90 percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial tumors.Stromal tumors, which begin in the ovarian tissue that contains hormone-producing cells. These tumors are usually diagnosed at an earlier stage than other ovarian tumors. About 7 percent of ovarian tumors are
During Mrs. Lacks' treatments, multiple samples were taken from her cervix without her knowledge. These samples were given to Dr. George Otto Gey, a physician and cancer researcher at Johns Hopkins. The collection of cells was nothing new to Dr. Gey, in fact he regularly collected cells for research from all
The ovaries are located at the end of the fallopian tubes; each fallopian tube has one ovary attached to it. Each ovary creates and hold eggs until its released. 3.) The normal ph of vaginal secretions is 4.5 (3.8 to 4.5).
Cervical carcinomas are divided into two types. The two types are invasive carcinomas which penetrate the surface of the cervix, and noninvasive carcinomas which do not penetrate the surface of the cervix. The noninvasive type is mostly called “ sugar-icing carcinoma,” because it grows in a smooth layered sheet across the surface of the cervix, but the official name for it is carcinoma in situ. On February 5, 1951 after Jones got Henrietta's report back from the lab, and told her the cancer was malignant. Then she just went right on with her day as normal.
Lifestyle and environmental factors have been closely analyzed for any links that may increase breast cancer risk. During research, it has been found that newer lab tests that are more sensitive, can detect cancer cells that maybe have broken away from the tumor in order to help predict the recurrence of the
There is one other method called the vinegar solution test, which is used to spot out and identify flat, hard to see, lesions that are possibly precancerous. The vinegar solution is applied to the genital areas, which in turn, makes the lesions white and visible to see (“HPV
THESIS First off, what is breast cancer? Breast cancer is an abnormal cell growing and infecting the cells around it. The cancer can start in the breast and spread to other parts of your body. Breast Cancer starts off when the cell growth goes wrong when the new cells start to grow even if the body doesn’t need them and old or damaged cells do not die when they are suppose to. When this happens, a cluster of cells form a mass of tissue called a lump or growth.
The stages are referred to as Stage I to Stage IV. The reproductive system can be compromised and cause infertility. Anatomically the disruption of pelvic structures, multiple production and activation of peritoneal macrophages cause the inflammation of the lower abdominal cavity. It may bring about an ectopic pregnancy since the fallopian tube may be infected and the egg may stick to one of the cyst. The pain is felt in the lower two quadrants of the abdominal cavity.
Why is Pap’s Smear Done? A pap smear is a simple procedure done to screen for cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a leading cancer in women and if timely diagnosed can be treated completely at early stage. Pap’s pest looks for changes in cells of cervix that can later lead to cancer.
The results of the studies suggested that high-grade dysplasia (an abnormal growth or development of cells, tissue, bone, or an organ) was detected earlier when HPV tests were used rather than Pap tests alone. Pap tests (also called smear tests) have been used in Germany since the 1970s to screen for cervical cancer. This test involves examining cervical cells (doing a cytological
Cancer Paper: Pancreatic Cancer Presently, the world has seen a dramatic rise in chronic illnesses. Chronic illnesses are diseases that have slow-approaching symptoms, last for a long time, and are generally very life-threatening. Amongst the most notorious and virulent, is a disease known as cancer.
From a worldwide public health prospective, reducing deaths from cervical and other HPV induced cancers is arguably the most important goal of an HPV vaccination program. Sustainable vaccination programs that protect as many women as possible from persistent infection by at least HPV16 and 18 would seem to be the most practical means of approaching this goal (Schiller and Haefliger 2006). Two prophylactic vaccinations against HPV have been licened by US Food and Drug admintration for use of young women ( Gardasil, a quadrivalent vaccine produced by Merk and approved in 2006 and Cervarix, a bivalent produced by Glaxo smith Kline and approve d in 2009). Both vaccines protect against HPV 16 and 18 and Gardasil also protects against HPV and 11
But it should always be preceded with pelvic examination and transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) that raised the suspicion of carcinoma first. Hysteroscopy may be necessary if abnormal bleeding persists or if intrauterine abnormalities are detected on TVS or previous endometrial biopsy.6 Beside dilation and curettage that is done along with hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy can also be taken by doing Pipelle biopsy. From the study that comparing the two endometrial biopsy, it shows that hysteroscopy in patients with endometrial carcinoma is not associated with poorer outcomes, as would be evidenced by more advanced stages of diseases or higher mortality rates. 7 So, we can say that the patient in this case does not carry higher risk of developing more severe stages of carcinoma by doing the hysteroscopy
Most tests occur every 5-10 years though leaving time for cancer to grow and develop and go unnoticed(medicinenet.com). The fact that cancer is hard to detect is just another reason it can be considered
Before the 1920s Endometriosis was classified as Adenomyosis which included other gynecological diseases but was finally individualized. Although its benign nature it is one of the most aggressive diseases that effects millions of women with debilitating pain and often times infertility. The disease presents itself when a woman reaches reproductive age and can effect her for the rest of her life. Although this disease is one that effects millions around the world, coupled with scientific advancement in genetic therapy and proper medical management those diagnosed may live functioning moderately normal lives. Cause and Symptoms Endometriosis is caused by the presence endometrial tissues or, the inner lining of the uterus, to be located outside
Germ cell cancer is the malignant growth of cellular tissue in germ cells that eventually develop into the ovum and sperm, which are most commonly found in the male and female gonads. In men, approximately 95% of testicular cancers are due to the presence of cancerous germ cells. Comparatively, germ cell cancer (categorized as ovarian cancer) is relatively rare in older women , accounting for 20% of all ovarian tumours , most prevalent in younger women. In women, the early stages are prone to be asymptomatic leading to a critical delay in the treatment processes.