II. FACTORS CAUSING THE DECREASING OF OYSTER REEFS.
Nowadays in many literature are represented the most important threats for oyster beds, as overharvest, development and pollution, changes in freshwater inflows, erosion from boats, diseases, invasive species, global change… (Coen et al. 2000; Seavey et al. 2011; Gregalis et al. 2008; Piazza et al. 2005).
1. Overharvest. Overharvest is one of the major threats to oysters worldwide (Beck et al 2011; Seavey et al. 2011). At the beginning of oyster harvest history, oysters were collected hand picking. Although, as the public demand increase, farmers develop new techniques, that allow the collections of bigger volumes of oysters, in less time. These techniques would end up with a destruction
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But some of these shrimps just moved into the oyster reef when the predators are present, but they don´t go in absence of predator. (Coen et al. 2000)
In the oyster reefs three different categories of species could be defined: Reef residents are those species which use the reef as their primary habitat; facultative residents are those species generally associated with structure habitats, and finally transient species are those species which forage or may forage on or near the oyster reef, consider as a wide-ranging. (Coen et al. 2000)
Resident reef fish species, use these special microhabitats created in the reef, for theis reproduction, laying eggs on the side of some shells, underside of the shells … Oyster reefs, create an special environment for fish larvae, due to the crurents created by the reef. (Coen et al. 2000)
Not only fish species colonize the oyster reef, also micro-organisms and small macro-organisms species, colonize oyster shells surfaces. The oyster reef includes many food web levels. Reef species attract many other grazers, browsers and predators. Attached and infaunal sessile plants and animals complete the ecosystem (Hargis et al.
franciscana are found in variety of harsh environment worldwide (Clegg et al. 2001), it was hypothesized the brine shrimps would be able to resist to other abiotic environments. It was predicted that A. franciscana would equally distribute over all sections of different pH, temperature, and light. The results of this study and the work done by Hand (1998), supports the hypothesis that A. franciscana are able to develop adaptions that allow them to survive and remain dormant in many environmental conditions, and allow them to tolerate a range environmental conditions. These results are supported by our Chi-square test where the Chi-square value (X2=100(temp.), 19.90(pH), 109.1(light)) is much greater than the critical table value of 7.81. Also, the observed values are fairly close to the expected value suggests that habitat selection is equally preferred in all categories, suggesting A. franciscana as a generalist species.
These animals are called polyps, and can live on their own, though tend to group up to form coral. Different groups of corals can eat different thing, depending on their size. A coral that is bigger would probably eat small fish, while a coral that is smaller might eat
The location of where the oysters are grown and the conditions of that environment are extremely important to the oyster industry. The Croxtons explained that the oysters are put in cages that are elevated above the muddy sea floor so they can eat better food and have a better lifestyle. Another theme of geography that is used is human-environment impact. The Croxtons are impacting the environment and ecosystem of Chesapeake Bay in a beneficial way by harvesting oysters. The oysters help filter the water in the
Brine Shrimps tend to hatch in specific environmental conditions, such as high and low salt concentrations in water, weather and temperature. As one of the environmental conditions in which Brine Shrimp eggs hatch is water salinity and so, in this assignment, we were given 4 different salinity levels of water, which were 0%, 3%, 6% and 9%. As a result of the experiment, we noted that after 24 hours only one egg hatched at 3% salinity level and none at 0%, 6% and 9% levels. The second day, which was after 48 hours, there were 0 shrimps that hatched in 0% and 9% salinity levels, whereas at 3%, 7 out of 46(15.3%) eggs hatched and 6 out of 49(11%) at 6% levels. Based on this data our group concluded that the best level for hatching shrimps is 3%
“A crustacean is an aquatic arthropod of the class Crustacea, which comprises crabs, shrimp, barnacles, lobsters, and freshwater crayfish. The point is that lobsters are basically giant sea insects…not nice to look at. They’ll eat some live shellfish, certain kinds of injured fish, and sometimes one another.” (Wallace
The book addresses aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. At the beginning of the text a vocabulary page outlines the essential words for understanding. Bold faced words highlight the key vocabulary. This text contains many opportunities for students to ask question and respond to their reading. Illustrations cover the page to support the text.
The Chesapeake Bay Oyster Restoration Project aims to help locate a healthy habitat for oysters. The Chesapeake Bay has been affected by the long-lasting drought in Maryland, which influenced the water quality. The drought increased the salinity of the water which has a negative impact on the oysters. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, “the native oyster is an extremely resilient species, able to tolerate wide variations in salinity and temperature—but it has not been immune to the pressures of disease, overharvesting, and pollution in the Chesapeake Bay. As a result, native oyster populations in Chesapeake Bay are at less than 1% of historic levels” (A,& Blue Water Media).
1. It is a scientific fact that biodiversity is greatest near coral reefs and estuaries. But because of human influence coral reefs around the world are dying. Human coastal development, pollution, ocean warming, and ocean acidification are all things that threaten them. The World Research Institute estimated that about ¾ of the worlds shallow reefs are threatened by climate change, pollution, and overfishing.
The Great White Shark The Great White Sharks, known mostly because of their white underbellies, are one of the most powerful aquatic animals in the world. They can swim at about 25 Miles Per Hour (40 Kilometers per hour) because of their strong muscles and forceful tails. In addition to that, male Great Whites can grow around 11.5 to 13.1 feet long, while females can grow from 14.8 to 16.4 feet long. This paper will demonstrate how Great White Sharks are an important part of their ecosystem, how their diets work and will adequately describe their habitats. As predators in their ecosystem, Great White sharks help maintain the coral reefs and seagrass habitats.
The Marine Biome Written by Molly Joyce A horse--like seahorse is eating shrimp with its long snout when the scuttling sound of a 10--legged red crab arises from the sandy ocean floor, its hard shell upsetting the sandy ocean floor. The crab grabs at the seahorse with its claws snapping ferociously. Crabs are one of the few animals that eat seahorses, along with some species of fish and rays. The seahorse, terrified, uses the current to float to a nearby patch of eelgrass. Once there, it vanishes, perfectly camouflaged with the eelgrass.
Oceans are peaceful, majestic, and filled with amazing and vibrant color. A lot of the prostown beauty in oceans can be credited to coral reefs. Lately though, natural coral reefs have been dying for various reasons, and some people believe that artificial reefs can help not only the natural reefs, but other surrounding ecosystems in their environment. Various articles use rhetorical techniques in hopes of enhancing their articles about whether or not artificial reefs are helping or harming the oceans. The first article, “Concern Lingers on Success of Artificial Reefs”, was written by Charles Q. Choi, and for Live Science, looks at both the pro and con side of artificial reefs.
Marine organisms are animals, plants, and other living things that live in the ocean. A Marine biologist is a scientist who studies marine organisms and studies the bodies, behavior, and the history of marine organisms. They also study how marine organisms interact with each other and their environment. I have chosen to research about Marine biology because I would like to learn about sea life, the ocean, and its surrounding environment. To start off, a Marine biologist might study coral, crabs, fish, microscopic marine organisms, sea stars, seaweed, squid, or whales.
Imagine a cool drink in your hand, sand in your toes, listening to the ocean waves hit up against the beach. Don’t you ever wonder how it all came to be? Who do you thank for your favorite beach getaway? You don’t have to look much further from the shore. Only a couple of miles away or maybe even closer the humphead parrotfish can be found chomping on yummy rock and coral with their hard teeth to get their main meal of choice algae.
This was investigated and the amount of dark banding in the shell is proportional to the amount of chlorophyll present in the food supply. The zebra top snail is spread from Townsville down and around
Therefore, the impact of overfishing and illegal collecting of coral may destroyed the social and economic well-being of the coastal communities who depend on fish for their way of life. Beside, it is also direct overexploitation of fish, intertebrates, and algae for food and the aquarium trade, removal of a species or group of species impacting multiple trophic levels, bycatch and mortality of nontarget species, and change from coral to algal dominance due to reduction in herbivores (Reef Resilience Organisation,