Pain Concept Analysis

Acute pain is a standard sensation that is provoked in the nervous system which alerts the individual to a potential injury (AAPM, n.d.). This type of pain notifies the individual that they need to take action to care

Pain is a subjective and unique experience that varies from person to person. It also varies according to cause and circumstance. Pain can stem from damage to skin, muscles, organs and bones; it can have emotional and psychological triggers. It is reasonable to anticipate that because pain can have a wide array of origins and interpretations, the treatment of pain needs to be as distinct as the experience of the patient. This is especially significant during end of life care.

Understanding and Addressing Facial Scars 1 of 5 While wrinkles are bothersome, dealing with facial scars is frequently even more difficult. Although a scar is permanent, there are a variety of treatments available to reduce their size and diminish their appearance. The type of scar typically determines which treatment will provide you with the best results. What Causes a Scar to Form?

According to the International Association for the Study of pain, “neuropathic pain is a complex type of pain which is caused by a lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system (1).” Neuropathic pain can have a major impact on the functioning and quality of life of those who suffer from it; it can be central or peripheral pain. Central neuropathic pain is when damage occurs directly to the central nervous system such as the brain and spinal cord and peripheral pain is when the pain originates from damage to peripheral nerves, nerve plexus or nerve root ganglions (1). It can occur as a result of many conditions such as strokes, diabetes, spinal cord injury, amputation or as a result of chemotherapy (1). In stroke patients this pain can begin in the hemiplegic shoulder but can also affect other areas of the upper limb.

Introduction Pain is viewed as one of the significant fears and anxieties of patients preceding orthodontic treatment(1). Pain and inconvenience are frequent reactions of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The orthodontists ought to have the capacity to educate his patient about the regular reaction or side effect of treatment, particularly before the fixed orthodontic appliances(2). Pain is a subjective reaction to stimulus that is entirely variable relying upon the individual, and is needy upon numerous things, for example, age, sexual orientation, cultural contrasts and past encounters.

It enables understanding of how pain is affecting the person. It supports a change in conversation for some patients, from a “seek, fix and cure” approach to a “cope, control and manage” approach. The Cognitive Behavioural Model of Pain (Appedix 2) and the Cognitive Behavioural Model of Pain Related Fear (Appendix 3) demonstrate how certain psychological factors also affect chronic pain. Fear related to chronic pain furthers pain related disability (Zale et al., 2014). Clinical intuition alone does not always match the right treatment to the right patient.

An antecedent is an event or incident that happens before the concept occurs. One of the most common antecedent to comfort is discomfort. Discomfort has many meanings depending on the patient who is experiencing it. Discomfort is described as a state of suffering or being in a state of distress.

Improved awareness of the restrictions of our knowledge base relating to work incapacity, and also the roles physicians play within the incapacity method, might scale back frustration for medico and

Studies employing animal models, especially those closely simulating certain clinical painful conditions, have markedly improved our knowledge of pain and its underlying mechanisms. Different models should be reported and interpreted in the context of the specific pain model. Although there may be common underlying mechanism in many chronic pain condiction sensitization different models also have their own specific underlying mechanisms. Chronic pain (including neuropathic pain) for which medical assistance is sought invariably presents with more than just allodynia and hyperalgesia, which are its principal diagnostic features [2,4–10,14,15,18,19,21–23,25].

Joints are regions of the body where two or more bones meet, when these regions are damaged or injured a sensation of discomfort and pain is felt by the person. Joint pain can be severe enough to limit movement. Joints are composed of cartilage, ligaments, tendons, bursas, and the synovial membrane, any of these components can become irritated and inflamed and result in joint pain. The different types of joint pains, the causes of joint pains and the artificial and alternative treatments will be discussed in this review. Joints are very sensitive and some joints can be used excessively which could result in injuries due to overworking.