Sphenoid Bone Research Paper

1.The Palatine Bone
1.1Definition:
The palatine bone is a paired, L-shaped bone of facial skeleton that is situated at the back part of the nasal cavity between the maxilla and the pterygoid process of the sphenoid, It contributes to the walls of three cavities: the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity, the roof of the mouth, and the floor of the orbit; it enters into the formation of two fosse, the pterygopalatine and pterygoid fosse; and one fissure, the inferior orbital fissure (Gray, 2008). The palatine bone articulates with the maxilla, the sphenoid bone, the ethmoid bone, the vomer, the inferior concha, and the opposite palatine bone, As shown in figure (1.1) (Liebgott, 2011).

1.2 Parts of the palatine bone
The palatine

3.1The Sphenoid

It’s contributes to the multiple regions of the skull: anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal roof, , orbit, lateral wall of the cranial vault and roof and lateral wall of the nasal cavity, It’s articulates with the following bones: The ethmoid bone, the frontal bone, the zygomatic bones, the parietal bones, the temporal bones, the palatine bones, occipital bone and the vomer (Liebgott, 2011).
It is consist from four main part : and three paired processes—greater wings, lesser wings and pterygoid processes (Tandon, 2009) 3.1.2 body of sphenoid bone• Its reprecent the central part and contains two sphenoidal air sinuses, It has multiple surfaces: Superior surface—bears a sulcus chiasmaticus and Dorsum sellae with two posterior clinoid processes lie posteriorly
Inferior surface—has the rostrum, Two lateral surfaces—Each has a carotid sulcus for internal corotid artery. Anterior surface—presents sphenoidal crest in midline. On either side are openings of sphenoidal air sinuses and sphenoidal concha. Posterior surface fuses with basilar part of occipital bone by 25th year .(