Observations of the rock in hand sample have a slight variation to those seen in thin section. In hand sample five main minerals were visible with trace amounts of a sixth seen in very small amounts. Mineralogy in hand sample is k-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite, magnetite, with trace amounts of hornblende. Texture (hand sample): Overall grain size is coarse grained, with a porphyritic texture, non-foliated. The hand sample has a porphyritic texture with pebble sized, euhedral k-feldspar grains and the remaining minerals are generally coarse grained. The overall grain sizes are coarse with an average around 1 mm in size. The k-feldspar grains have rapakivi texture, with the plagioclase surrounding the k-feldspar grains. Mineral assemblage …show more content…
Looking at the thin section, a more detailed mineralogy could be …show more content…
Mineralogy in thin section is more obvious with a total of eight minerals identifiable. K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite, chlorite, hornblende, pyroxene, and opaques were identified. Texture (thin section): • Overall grain size is coarse grained, with a porphyritic texture due to pebble sized k-feldspar grains, intergranular, non-foliated, myrmekitic texture in the plagioclase grains, undulatory extinction in quartz grains Mineral assemblage: • K-feldspar: euhedral grains, rapakivi (overgrowth) texture, • Plagioclase: subhedral to euhedral grains, polysynthetic twinning; however, the twinning is deformed, myrmekite texture • Quartz: euhedral to subhedral grains, there are some nice triple junctions but there are also some quartz grains that are sutured; several quartz grains surround larger grains like subgrains, undulatory extinction • Biotite: subhedral to euhedral grains, some grains are degrading and breaking apart • Chlorite: subhedral to anhedral grains • Hornblende: subhedral to anhedral grains • Pyroxene: subhedral to anhedral grains • Opaques: anhedral grains; there is no distinct shape, they look like blobs Mode (thin section): • 33%
The rocks do not show signs of heavy weathering. There is some white staining visible, but there is very little red or brown staining. The rocks have abundant vesicles. There is a mix of rocks with varying sizes and numbers of vesicles. Samples collected were representative of this mix.
3.1 1. Minerals have a few distinguishing characteristics that differ them from other materials. One of the biggest characteristic that minerals poses is they are naturally occurring, inorganic element or compound. Another is the hardness of the mineral. Minerals also have the characteristics of very different cleavage shapes.
This phenomenon is called a thermally inverted pattern, in which the subducting plate becomes folded and the layers of rock bend. This bend led to the Catalina Schist which is where you will find amphibolite on top of the green,
Its grain size is clay and its contain clay and bentonite as the minerals in rocks. it was deposited in a beach environment (shallow sea). The formation recorded a transgression of the intercontinental seaway. Pierre Shale Formation was our next stop.
The minerals were not obvious in hand sample so further mineralogical analysis would likely be needed to recognize the accessory minerals. The Cordell unit is difficult to distinguish in the field from the lower Engadine unit, the Rockview, due to the high degree of dolomitization and recrystallization. However, unlike the Rockview, the Cordell member is more thinly bedded and fossiliferous and lacks algal mats. The bottom of the Rockview dolostones appear to weather to a lighter color than that of the exposed Cordell and is considered
The scientists take careful looks at the rocks to study things like texture, composition, and where the rock came from (OI). That helps them figure out what type of rock it is and what it is useful for. That is why the
The Teton Range consists of a core of igneous and metamorphic Precambrian rocks overlain in most of the range by westward dipping sedimentary Paleozoic rocks. The Grand Teton Range consists of rocks ranging from the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic time periods. The erosion-resistant Precambrian rocks comprise the highest peaks of the Teton Range and are part of the Wyoming Craton. The oldest units (>2680 Ma), observed in the north, south, and the eastern part of the central Tetons, are Archean layered gneisses, including biotite gneiss, plagioclase gneiss, amphibole gneiss, and some amphibolite (Reed and
On the other hand, the Mint Canyon Formation along Aqua Dulce Road consists of sedimentary rock that is mostly sandstone and conglomerate. On this stop we learned about the sediments that formed the rock and their deposition from a river 12 million year ago. Our two last stops covered material on faults and rocks. The Vasquez Rocks were said to be form from the San Andrea Fault, and the Vista Point of the San Andreas Fault also covered material on the
Four to six cores were collected from the nine transects. After the cores were taken, the scientists then examined the weight, grain size, carbonate content, and organic matter content of each sample. Along with this,
The canyon has colors from the Alabama clay. The rocks are
Its composition consists of Half Dome Granodiorite, which consists of quartz, feldspar, hornblende, and
The sedimentation usually visibly changes in going from the Wingate Sandstone formation to the Kayenta, and from the Kayenta to the Navajo sandstone, though in a few areas, the transition from Wingate to Kayenta is gradual, because the material in the Kayenta beds seems to have come from the Wingate immediately below it and re-deposited with the characteristics of fluvial sediments. Though the contact between the Kayenta and the Navajo in places is gradual in a few places, it far more often shows up as a thin, jumbled mass of sandstone and shales, chunks of shale and limestone, mud balls, and concretions of lime and iron, all lying at the base of the fine-grained, cross-bedded Navajo Sandstone. Mud cracks, a few ripple marks, and drainage channels can be found in the topmost section of the Kayenta found on Red Rock Plateau in San Juan County, Utah at an elevation of around 4,163 ft. above sea level, as well as in Grand Canyon West where wide sand-filled cracks appear in it. These features may show that, in places at least, the Wingate and Kayenta eroded before the geologic formations above were deposited, and this may explain why there can be a wide range of thicknesses in the Kayenta Formation.
The Navajo Sandstone was displaced in a wind-blown space made out of broad sand dunes, similar to of the present day Sahara Desert. In a circumstance where it is windy, there are two vital sorts of stores, which are rises, embodied by endless scale trough cross stratification; and inter dunes, which are the level lying locales between slopes. The Navajo Sandstone originates in an unlimited sand sea, which extended over by far most of Utah and furthermore parts of New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado and Wyoming. Despite the way that the stone formations are known by particular names in differing zones, all places had a bit of influence on this noteworthy sand sea structure.
The formation strikes 269°, and dips 41°N. The sandstone and mudstone members are typically 30-50cm thick. The sandstones are immature poorly sorted greywacke, and the mudstones
Since the location was near to the Maribyrnong River, the procedure must be further stimulated by the existence of the river in the ecosystem, and this is happening from the further upstream. As for the downstream, it carried by the sediment that deposited at the riverbanks of the Maribyrnong River. Weathering and erosion of the primary rock in the early stage were leading to the deposition of sediment, and the younger sediment progressively replaced the older sediment which along the riverbank (Figure 2.3). Further away from the Maribyrnong river a little bit where the river flow was gradually rapid, some Marine deposits from the Ordovician Period was found such as mudstone, interbedded shale and greywacke, which may