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Literature Review On Parental Involvement In Education

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CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter discusses the review of related literature and information gathered by the researcher addressing parental involvement on inclusive education of children with developmental disability. A synthesis will also be provided.
Parental Involvement
Parental involvement, as described by Henderson and Nancy (1994), is a serious dimension of effective schooling. It has been defined in many ways, commonly as the engagement of parents in their children’s activities at home and at school, and the assurance of parents about their children’s education (Eipstein, 1996; Grolnick & Slowiaczek, 1994; Kohl, Lengua, & McMahon, 2000). Hill and Taylor (2004) also termed involvement as allowing parents in observing the school …show more content…

Harris (2009) also suggest a modern model of encouragement wherein the role of parental involvement in a children’s educational development is present. Since parental involvement contributes a lot to Western countries, there is ample evidence in supporting the idea that it assists children’s learning academically (Grolnick, Friendly, & Ballas, 2009; Pomerantz & Moorman, 2010). Grove & Fisher (1999), UNECO (2002), and Zindi (2004) believes that parental support is necessary for the legal implementation of any educational change program. In addition, this belief is based on a set of evidences that parents are known to be experts for they are aware of the competences of their children and they have their own parental skills that can supplement their children’s academic and professional skills (UNESCO, 2002; Chakuchichi et al., …show more content…

Also, researchers described that physical activity is thoroughly associated to academic performance. For further explanation, Dwyer, Sallis, Blizzard, Lazarus, and Dean (2001) conducted a study of 7961 Australian children with the age of 7-15 years who makes exercise as part of their daily routine and they perform better academically than any others. A study by Chomitz et al. (2009) besides got a similar assumption connecting lifestyle from academic performance. Previous studies on 244 grade six students in Michigan, USA (Coe, Pivarnik, Womack, Reeves, & Malina, 2006) and 222 Swedish adolescents (Kwak, Kremers, Bergman, Ruiz, & Rizzo, 2009) also confirmed that students who belong to the group of higher level of physical activity perform better in

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