Parfit's Bundle Theory

Identical, as any reader may have figured out by the title, is about Identical twins.

To answer some of the questions, he considered Wiggins’s brain splitting experiment. In the experiment, Parfit’s brain is split into two different bodies, both of which now contains personality and memories. Parfit deduced that there are only three possible outcomes. “(1) I do not survive; (2) I survive as one of the two people; (3) I survive as both.” (354). He settles with option 3, he survives as two people, but the two can not identify with each

As Sigmund Freud theorized, the mind is broken up into both the conscious mind and the unconscious mind. Within the unconscious mind exists three different apparatuses: Id, Ego, and

There is a new documentary titled “Three Identical Strangers” which tells the story of three identical triplets who were separated at birth and raised by different families. It was shown at the recent Sundance Film Festival. The three, born in 1961, were part of a controversial psychology experiment to answer the nature versus nurture debate on raising children.

In the World on the Turtle´s Back the Iroquois wanted to emphasize how there was a Sky World, with people that had extravagant beliefs that explained how good and evil balanced everything in their life. This peculiar place had different gods, like Iroquois. They believed in weird thing for example they believed that a Great tree was the center of their universe. The Great Tree wasn’t a habitual tree, it was huge and had been in that place forever. In this Sky World, there was this woman that seemed to break the rules and desire things that are off limit. She practically forced her husband to get her what she wanted from the Great Tree, ending in an unfortunate event in which the pregnant woman felt from the Sky World. This stubborn woman got pregnant by a bizarre man that placed two arrows across her body. What she didn’t know is that she was expecting opposite twins, the white side and the dark side. Since the moment the twins where in their mother´s belly they caused her trouble.

Because in this conception the mind is substantively distinct from the body it becomes plausible for us to doubt the intuitive connection between mind and body. Indeed there are many aspects of the external world that do not appear to have minds and yet appear none the less real in spite of this for example mountains, sticks or lamps, given this we can begin to rationalize that perhaps minds can exist without bodies, and we only lack the capacity to perceive them.

In Wiggins’ case of fission he undermines the belief that all questions of personal identity must have answers. The belief when asked in response to brain division is found implausible. According to Parfit, ‘If all the possible answers are implausible, it is hard to decide which of them is true, and hard even to keep the belief that one of them must be true’. (1971, p.8) He also undermines the second belief that personal identity plays a part in survival. Wiggins’ case shows that you may not have identity but you may have everything you need for survival. Parfit therefore argues that the relation of ‘Fred’ to each of the resulting people is not a relation of identity but does contain ‘all that interests us - all that matters - in any ordinary case of survival’. (1971,

In David Rettew’s TED talk, “Child Temperament: How We Start to Become Ourselves,” he defines what child temperament is, where it came from, how it could be developed over time, and how parents should respond to their children’s temperaments (Rettew, 2015). Children contain different temperaments, such as being anxious, angry, or calm (Rettew, 2015). According to twin studies, 50-60 percent of temperament is genetics, while the rest of the percentage comes from other influences, such as from the environment (Rettew, 2015). The type of environment a child is exposed to could influence a child’s temperament by them adapting certain traits to test if they are a good fit for that environment (Rettew, 2015). There is a correlation between the environment

The case study that I chose was from Nursing Ethics Journal is titled, The twins: a case study in ethical deliberation. This case presents a nurses perspective about nine year old, Roman Catholic, Hispanic twins, who survived a very difficult preterm birth and were in a persistent vegetative state since childbirth. The parents took care of the twins along with their four other children, but the growing demand of the twins was starting to take a toll on the parents, so they decided to place the twins in an institution. From the time that the twins were admitted to the institution, they have been frequently admitted to the hospital related to respiratory illnesses and urinary tract infection, which were a result of their deteriorating immune system. The nurse’s role was to obtain a do not resuscitate (DNR) order from the parents due to the doctors stating the twins have less than a year left to live, and “why prolong the inevitable?” (Freysteinson, 2009).

Do you ever wonder how you act the way you do? Nature vs. nurture is a discussion about whether genetics or parenting have a bigger impact on your personality. Both nature and nurture are important in how you act. Identical twins have many differences. There are many ways nurture can affect a kid 's personality. Studies show that nurture is more responsible for the way you act. Nurture dictates how you respond to others.

Helen Oyeyemi’s The Icarus Girl engages with many questions within the diasporic dialogue and the writer asserts the position she takes with all issues she deals with. She, like many, sees that there are many things pulling apart the ideas of Englishness and Nigerian-ness but at the same time, there are things that fuse them together in people that live both those identities at the same time. Jess is the person she uses to establish this unsteady union and at the end, this young girl who begins her journey with a fragmented identity, emerges in a higher consciousness where she unifies both identities into one within herself.

First of all, isn’t it seems obvious that because two people have only couple characteristics in common and held the majority of differences, this two person is not alike? At first, I believed that this statement is true because if two distinct people have characteristics not in common, then they should encounter a different kind of obstacles and grew up differently. This could be said to Rudy and me. For example,

If this is personhood, then a conjoined twin may be denied true personhood and hence separation is justifiable. However, these qualities are not linked solely with the body. For example, if someone loses feeling or control of a limb one day they wouldn’t be any less a person even though they no longer have ownership over a body part. Additionally, the rights and authority over your own body are non-existent as baby and child. Is this to say that babies and children lack personhood? Such a statement probably sounds blasphemous to parents. Even more narrow, people’ bodies, and thus their authority over them, are tied to decisions other people make. For instance, if someone decided to smoke or pollute the air it may cause lung disease for someone else despite a right held over your body, or if a contagious disease is spread by other people’s lack of cleanliness other people may face the consequences of it despite an authority and right over their body. Are these statements to entail that the lack of complete authority of your body means everyone lacks personhood? Certainly not, ownership, rights, and authority over your body do not define personhood for non-conjoined people so neither should they for conjoined twins. Consequently, conjoined twins are not denied personhood by the nature of being

Both the state and federal governments have just declared a state of emergency for Flint, Michigan, yet (“even though” instead of “yet”?) the people of Flint have been without clean drinking water since 2014. After switching the city’s drinking water supply from Detroit’s water to the Flint river, lead infected the water that Flint’s residents rely on due to aging water pipes and polluted river water. This water crisis has not received the attention it requires. In order to solve this problem, it is important to understand how this problem started, how people are impacted day to day, and the long term consequences of this crisis.

“The Midnight Twins”, a work of fiction, written by Jacquelyn Mitchard. “The Midnight Twins” is a mysterious, and suspenseful story that shows and introduces twin telepathy. In this book that I chose to read twins Meredith and Mallory Brynn weren’t very lucky, they faced many unfair events and those events introduced their strengths that they were born with. “The Midnight Twins” was a very understanding and good book to read. In the following paragraphs I will discuss the topic, characters, and conflict.