Pasig River is one of the major rivers of the Philippines, which serves as a major transport route and water source for Metro Manila. It once served as the main entry point for international trade into the City of Manila. It is truly an irreplaceable natural resource, but for years the river has been continually abused and neglected. Pasig River and its streams have been tirelessly used and considerable changes in its landscape have occurred since advancements in transportation and commerce have taken place (Gagalac-Regis et al., 2001). Pasig River is classified as a Class C water which is safe for propagation of fish, recreation and post-treatment manufacturing processes.
Even with the management programs and strategies of the Philippine government,
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Any particular use of water will have certain requirements for its characteristics in terms of physical, chemical and biological that needs to be met for the water to be classified as safe. This is what is being looked for in order to set a limit for the water use with the range of variables present. The composition of surface water is dependent on both natural factors and artificial factors.
Heterotrophs, fecal coliform and coliform content are some of the most common bacteria which are being tested to find the quality of water. Heterotrophs are a group of microorganisms that consume carbon sources and are seen in all water. A sudden increase in the plating count may be a sign or indicator of pollution that would require necessary water quality monitoring. According to world health organization (2003), heterotrophic plate count (HPC) as a potential indicator of fecal contamination is now being voided, dropped and considered
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The pH determines the solubility and biological quality of chemical constituents and heavy metals found in water. The pH value of the public water system under Class C water should be from a range of 6.5 to 9.0 (Department of Environment and Natural Resources, 2016).
The ability of water to carry electric current is known as conductivity. It is one of the indicators for the presence of dissolved chemicals in the water. Conductivity is also used as an indicator to detect the amount of heavy metal ions present released from pollutants. Like conductivity, water density is also an indicator for presence of chemicals. Water density is related to salt content and water temperature and is used as an indicator for presence of organisms (Fundamentals of Environmental Measurements,
The last test was called the Acidity test. The Acidity test gives us the alkalinity and acid of a stream. On the Ph scale it goes from 0 to 14. A stream with a great abundance of life will probably have a reading of 7 on the scale( which is near neutral). Here are the results from some of the tests.
The quantitative solubility of the unknown compound was determined to be 29/100ml. The known solubility of sodium sulfate is 28.11g/100mL water. Using the found solubility to compare to the known solubility of sodium sulfate. This solution created in the solubility test, the conductivity of the unknown compound was tested using an Ohmmeter to measure the resistance of the solution. Resistance is the measure of a substances ability to conduct
Goals The primary goal of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound by running various tests to determine the qualitative solubility, conductivity, and pH value of the compound. Tests were also performed for the presence of specific cations and anions in the compound. The second goal was to discover the reactivity of the unknown compound by reacting it with different types of substances. The third goal of this project was to calculate the quantitative solubility of the unknown compound in water.
Dissolved Oxygen is another thing we tested for, that 's how much oxygen gets mixed within the water ( Ex. rapids - the white part of the rapids is the oxygen mixing with the water- .) We also tested how fast the water was moving or the ( speed/velocity. ) We were going to test it by using a bamboo pole with a string ( with a certain length ) and a bobber on the end and see how long it takes for the bobber ( from its full length ) to hit the bamboo pole. To find the actual speed of the water you take the length of the string divided by the time ( sec/centi
Manure care is an extremely crucial part of CAFOs, therefore when there is research showing that 20-30 water quality problems per year are found, there is then room for concern. As seen depicted in the table below, manure fabrication has been an ever growing issue. The data was collected from 2006-2007 which only means that manure numbers have risen. Ammonia is usually traced in surrounding water, which is the cause of aquatic life depletion. The EPA estimates that 53% of the population relies on groundwater for drinking water, often at much higher rates in rural areas (EPA, 2004).
These contaminants are not even the most severe issue. The most pressing issue on the topic of Catawba contamination
One of the major pollution problems that affect our drinking water include animal-feeding operations. Within the United States, “animals like cattle, chickens, lambs, are fattened up before slaughter in tens of thousands of pens” (72). As a result, manure builds up because the animals are kept in their pens for such long durations. Even though the manure is moved to other areas for storage or use, rain often causes it to seep into clean waterways and aquifers (72). Our water supply is compromised because “California Central Valley alome is home to 1.4 million cows.
This is because the Filipino War was fought as Counter-Insurgency Warfare and the government put more time in this COIN strategy. They also had more control areas that they had which is COIN success are measured in. While the program has been successful in some way, there are something that I would change about the
I organized four different tests; pH paper, alkalinity tests, the number of rocks neutralizing acid, and the number of rocks that don’t neutralize acid. The average for pH paper was seven. The pH is the numeric scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH scale measures acidity and alkalinity. the pH scale goes from zero, which is an acid reading, to fourteen, which is an alkaline reading.
The documentary "Trouble the Water" is filled with stories and different accounts of the aftermath of hurricane Katrina. The film begins by introducing Kimberly Roberts and her husband. They are the main characters of this film. The first part of the film shows the day leading up to the hurricane as shot by Mrs. Roberts home video. It focuses on the evacuation order and the people who are not able to leave for lack of transportation.
It is perhaps opportunely that our government is able to push through boundaries and traditions to come up with resolutions and better policies/laws. All this time, the Philippine Economy has been deemed to have strong growth hindered by political uncertainties. This is so true. We have a potential to be great and yet we still move slow towards our development and sustainability. Our country has its own strengths and weaknesses that affect positively and/or negatively our over-all status.
1. Introduction Water is crucial to our survival! Water is one of the scarcest commodities in the world at the moment; some argue that it is scarcer than oil. Wars have been fought over oil; therefore a war over water is a very big possibility in the years to come on this planet. With the current growth of the world’s population and the increase in demand for water in the agricultural industry, the issue of water scarcity is very likely to get worse and worse (Gupta, 2016).
INTRODUCTION Water is a transparent and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth 's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms. Water plays an important role in the world economy. Approximately 70% of the freshwater used by humans goes to agriculture. Fishing in salt and fresh water bodies is a major source of food for many parts of the world.
Water pollution is happening everywhere but this investigation is focused on water pollution in Ga-kgapane and how the increase in population has led to an increase in this pollution. One of the main causes for water pollution in this town is: • The disposal of waste products in the streams • The washing of clothes and other things in these streams • Human activities such as swimming and playing in these streams Water pollution has become a growing problem in this town and has led to a lot of other issues that should be
Water is one of the most important and vital substance on earth. All life forms on earth require water to survive. If there will be no water there would be no life on earth. Aside from drinking water to survive, people have many other uses for water.