In the physical feature of peat, a range of 100% to 1300% of field water content in peat could result in high buoyancy and high pore volume which in turn leads to low bearing capacity and bulk density. The above Table 2.2 also shows that fibrous peat water tends to be in the range of 489% to 1590%. According to Huat (2004), fibrous peat likely to have higher water content than humified peat and a decrease of mineral content tends to increase the water content in peat. East Malaysia peat recorded a range of 200% to 2207% of natural water content (Huat, 2004). The typical bulk density for peat is noted within the range of 0.84 to 1.23 Mg/m3 in Table 2.2.
According to Kumar, Dhane, and Priyadarshee (2015) fibers have three-dimensional reinforcement system which similar to root reinforcement where the fibers bind the soil particle together. Since soil usually good in compression but poor in tension, tensile element (fiber) that placed in the soil could help to improve the stability and control deformation of the soil (Kumar et. al., 2015). Strains in the soil mass generate strains and tensile loads in the reinforcement where its act to control the soil movement and thus give the soil additional strength. There are two type of fiber which are natural fiber and manmade fiber.
The failures associated with this type of soil are piping and internal erosion due to dispersion of soil. These soils cannot be identified by visual classification, Atterberg’s limits or particle size analysis. Dispersive soils are identified by pinhole test, crumb test and double hydrometer test. So, these soils are identified and stabilized. These soils are characterized by an unstable structure, easily flocculated in water, and very erodible.
High resolution imaging of impacted CFRP composites with a fiber-optic laser-ultrasound scanner. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2016.05.002 (2002, August 7). Tennis Racket - Materials, Design, Evolution and Testing. Retrieved from https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=1559 Ltd., L. (2017). Materials Testing - Advances in String Technology in Sporting Equipment Materials.
Endocarditis or septic thrombophlebitis should be suspected if blood cultures remain positive for more than 48 hours after the device has been removed (Hovarth R et al., 2003). As per the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) guidelines, Trans Esophageal Echocardigraphy (TEE) should be done for patients with CRBSI who have persistent bacteremia or fungemia and/or fever 13 days after initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy and catheter removal; and any case of S. aureus CRBSI in which duration of therapy less than 4–6
The soil should be sun dried , crushed into dust and must certainly not be contaminated with something unclean . iii . The collected dust is used as the main material for the process sertu. iv . Any part of the soil that is believed is pure and clean.
After deparaffinization and rehydration, the sections were incubated in 0.1% (w/v) Sirius red F3BA (C.I.35780) in saturated picric acid solution for 1 hr at room temperature; sections were then rinsed with distilled water followed by staining with Weigert’s haematoxylin. Differentiation was done in 1% HCl, followed by alkalization with tap water. The sections were then dehydrated and mounted in DPX.9,10 To evaluate birefringence pattern of collagen fibers, the sections were examined under 40x magnification using Olympus polarized light microscope (BX43) along with image analysis system software (ProgRes, Speed XT core3). Randomly 100 fibers were examined in each tissue sample and were segregated into thick (1.6-2.4 µm) and thin fibers (0.8µm or less). The obtained score were tabulated and the statistical analysis was done using “Z” test to compare the proportion of thick and thin fibers among males and females.
The average tensile strength, modulus and the ultimate strain of the CFRP plate tested according to ASTM D3039, are 1.8 GPa, 150.8 GPa, and 1.07%, respectively. The resin matrix was bisphenol-A based epoxy (obtained from Xing Chen synthetic material Co., Ltd., Wuxi city, China) cured by an anhydride based curing agent. To investigate the effects of the concrete on the FRP-to-concrete bond behavior, three kinds of the concrete were cast in Table 1. The concrete cubes were put in the standard curing room for 1 month. The strengths of the concrete cubes (150 x 150 x 150 mm3) were calculated form the mean strength of the one specimen tested at different ages (0, 6, 12, 18 months).
The fabric, thereby, prevents the sand from entering perforation in the pipe. With Geotextiles, trench excavation is considerably reduced. Many times the use of geotextiles eliminates the need for trench shoring. Needle-punched nonwoven geotextile is preferred where drainage is the primary functional requirement. 5.
As there is scarcity of conventional aggregates, it is useful to replace natural aggregates with waste foundry slag as it is a cheap material as compared to conventional aggregates and also saves water and energy in addition to reduction in green house gas emission. Foundry slag concrete is a green material and highly durable, it can be used to construct energy efficient buildings. Use of waste foundry slag in concrete may assist to attain LEED credits by green building council for new construction. 2.2 Scope of Study In this research, concrete of M 80 grade was considered for a water cement ratio of 0.274 with a targeted slump of (190 ± 30) for replacement of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of fine aggregate with slag aggregate. These concrete mixes were studied for compressive, split tensile and flexure strengths.