Measurement of self-reported pain intensity in children and adolescents
Summary:
In "measurement of self-reported pain intensity in children and adolescents"; the authors describe the different methods used to assess pediatric pain intensity and review the commonly used, self reported measurements of pain. The authors compiled the results of several systemic reviews to determine which pain assessment technique would deem most appropriate and accurate.
The author recognizes that accurate pain assessment using reliable measures is of great importance in the healthcare of a child- since pain can be indicative of further complications, and children may be alleviated of pain to avoid discomfort. Whichever the case may be, it is considered important to determine the intensity and source of the pain so the health care team can be knowledgeable of the patients’ condition so the best possible health outcomes and comfort measures may be achieved.
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There were two health-related organizations named Ped-IMMPACT and the Society of Pediatric Psychology who have conducted studies regarding the pain assessment and is where the results of this article has been derived from. Although their methodologies of retrieving there results were different, Both organizations recommend different pain assessment scales for different age groups to provide the most reliable assessment information.
The Society of Pediatric Psychology recommended professionals to use the Pieces of Hurt tool for children between the ages of 4 and 7 years old, the Faces pain Scale-Revised for children aged between 4 and 16 years; and the Oucher scale for children aged between 3 and 12 years old. Out of these three tests, the recommended ages may overlap; this is because for some ages, some tests are proven to be just as reliable as the
A patient is admitted to Nightingale Community Hospital to the surgical unit following an infection to a post-op wound. There were several deficiencies found on the patient’s tracer audit once the patient was admitted to the hospital. One deficiency that was found was that the patient was given medication related to pain and the patient was not reassessed properly per Joint Commission Standards (JC). The deficiency found is within the pain assessment policy of the hospital.
The pain that patients report is out of proportion to the severity of the injury. The pain gets worse, rather than better, over time. Eventually the joints become
In the article, “Sometimes Pain Is a Puzzle That Can’t Be Solved”, Abigail Zuger, the author, describes her own experiences with pain along with some examples and generalizations about the feeling. She claims that she is “ruled by (her) elbow” and “it is (her) constant companion, whimpering, and tugging at (her) sleeve.” She goes on to say that many people have the same problems, especially when drugs, “like naproxen and ibuprofen” are unhelpful and “might as well be cornflakes.” Finally, she explains how far we have advanced in the medical field, but “ none of (the) knowledge has translated into new treatments,” to help people such as herself.
Until then, only the symptoms need treatment. Rest is the key to relief of pain. There is a cruel irony that the most active kids are most likely to get OSD ,and also the ones least likely to rest the affected area. Doctors, in most cases advise that should kids limit the activities that cause pain. They might be able to continue their sports as long as the pain remains mild and bearable.
Considerable evidence demonstrates substantial ethnic disparities in the prevalence treatment progression and outcome of pain-related conditions. Elucidation of the mechanism underlying these group differences is of crucial importance in reducing and eliminating disparities in these pain experience. Over recent years, accumulating evidence has identified a variety of processes, from neurophysiological factors to structural elements of Healthcare system. That may contribute to shaping individual difference in pain. For example, the experience of pain differentially activate stress- related physiological response across various ethnic groups appear to use differing coping strategies in managing pain complaints treatment decision vary as a function
A child or an infant in pain, for example, generally will let you know that he or she hurts and will point out the source of the pain. Ask a young child to point to any place that hurts. An older child can tell you the location of painful areas. If you need to hold an infant, always support the head when you pick up the infant.
In this crosspost, the author will elaborate on the original threaded discussion by Ellerbee Mburu, Vail, and Barlow and add additional information on pain assessment and management. Healthcare providers are the major group of healthcare professional who perform crucial functions in delivering and providing nursing care to inpatient and outpatients. As mentioned in the threaded discussion by Ellerbee, Mburu, Vail, and Barlow, undertreated pain causes unnecessary distress and negatively affects the quality of life. In additional to the original threaded discussion, pain is a factor that is thought of differently by many. It has been added as the fifth vital sign and is considered to be subjective.
We all know that pain is usually one of the major complaint of patients with chronic problems or those recovering post operatively thereby making pain evaluation a fundamental requisite in the outcome assessment during hospital visits. Interpreting the data from a pain assessment scale is not as straightforward as it may seem since the provider must consider the intensity, related disability, duration, and affect to define the pain and its effects on the patient (Williamson & Hoggart, 2005). Pain rating scales are used in the clinical settings to measure pain and these include Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), Numerical/numeric Rating Scale (NRS) (Haefeli & Elfering, 2006). Each scale is unique on its own in terms of sensitivity and simplicity that generates data that can be statistically analyzed for audit purposes. The EHR in our hospital utilizes the three rating scales mentioned as part of the pain assessment tool to measure pain that sets the tone for the direction of the type of pain management will .be given to the
Humans are inherently weak and sorry creatures. That is why, in order to make their children strong, parents must teach their children life lessons about the real world, using any means necessary. There is a constant debate on the concept of pain and whether it should be used for disciplinary purposes. This also connects to the ongoing debate about how much punishment should be used in parenthood. Authors Amy Tan and Adam Bagdasarian wrestle with said topic, and depict how pain, both physical and mental, can help kids learn valuable lessons about the real world.
"The origin of our pain is rooted outside, not inside," he says. He then discusses and discusses the pain principle and how young boys are frequently taught to tolerate pain and suppress their emotions. This buildup of emotions leads to pent-up rage, which is not healthy. They are taught that pain is rewarding and that in order to be a "man," they must endure sufferings.
to tell his audience: we should really think about the lobster’s point of view before consuming it. David Foster Wallace uses a multitude of rhetorical strategies to get his point across, including pathos and ethos. His essay is ingenious in how it gets its point across, and how it forces even the largest lobster consumers to truly contemplate how the lobster might react to its consumption. It brings up many controversial topics of animal rights that many people tend to avoid, especially people who are major carnivores. Wallace’s use of rhetorical strategies really gets the reader thinking, and thoroughly captures the argument of many vegetarians against the consumption of animals.
The affected athletes, mostly come from soccer, rugby and ice hockey. Therefore, this research found during physical examination most athletes start reporting with an insidious onset of dull, aching pain in
Discuss the methodological and ethical issues which are apparent in this study. How have the findings impacted the psychological field? One methodological issue with the Bain et al refrigerator study is that type of experiment used. Having used a laboratory experiment, all variables were under strict control and this does not reflect the true nature of the situation the children were placed in. Children trapped inside a refrigerator would not escape by pressing a panel on the floor, thus the experiment has features which do not reflect an accurate representation of a real life situation (Bain et al, 1958).
Pain is a subjective and unpleasant sensation that will affect a person’s daily activities adversely. There may or may not be any existing or potential tissue damage. Pain, which is dependent on the individual, can be hard to describe and measure. Healthcare professionals usually utilize tools such as pain scales to understand the extent of pain that the patient is experiencing. This will allow doctors to choose an appropriate treatment for the patient based on the severity and type of pain.
Every patient interaction is an opportunity to learn more about the human body and, by extension, the mysteries of life. In being curious about the human body, I became quite intrigued with how the field of medicine is used in treating children. While I do not yet have children of my own, the importance of a child to any parent, regardless of culture, is apparent. Any parent wishes for the health of their child.