Pelton Turbine Lab Report

Introduction

Under pressure, fluid with high velocity can be used to generate mechanical work, such as the turbine in hydroelectric power system. The jet strike the vanes of a turbine wheel, which causes the change on momentum and the rotation of the turbine wheel. The kinetic energy of fluid is converted into mechanical energy. After that, the generator converted the mechanical energy generated by the turbine into electric energy.

In this experiment, the force is produced by the jet of water hit on different solid surface in various degrees of deflection. Once the direction or magnitude of the velocity of fluid changes, there is a force generated. We assumed the friction on the surface is negligible, thus, the magnitude of water velocity is constant.

Objective

1. To understand and apply the momentum equation.

2. To find out the force that exerted by the jet on the target plate to keep the solid surface at a datum level.

3. To compare the difference between computed force and the applied weight.

Reporting the Results

From the result obtained, the computed force was quite different from the measured weight for experiment

Water strikes on the blades of the turbine, which rotate the wheel and producing electricity. In the Pelton Turbines, there are equal spacing cup shape blades, called buckets, placed around a circular disk. The high speed water is jet from nozzles and then hit the buckets at splitter which divide the jets into two streams. When streams flow along the inner curve of the blades, it changes in momentum, which generates an impulse on the blades. In the end, this impulse makes the shaft of Pelton Turbine rotate. In order to get optimum output from the Pelton Turbine, the change in momentum of water h=jet should be maximized. This could be obtained as the water stream is deflected opposite to the direction that it jets the buckets with same magnitude of velocity as the