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Essay On Periodontium

760 Words4 Pages

Periodontium refers to the specialized tissue which surrounds and protects the tooth and is composed of gum, cemented, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontal ligament isa connective tissue surrounding the tooth which attaches it to the alveolar bone (1). Dental follicleis an ectomesenchymal tissue around the evolving tooth containing stem cells and progenitors of osteoblast and cement oblast. However, the features of these cells including expression of cell markers, molecular mechanisms of mineralization have little been identified. Since dental follicle can easily be obtained during the surgery of impacted tooth, it is considered as one of the important sources of stem cells for regenerative treatments
(2). Osteoblastic and cementoblastic …show more content…

Osteoblasts can secrete bone mineral nodules through three stages of proliferation, maturation of extracellular matrix and mineralization; nevertheless, the molecular control mechanism of
PDL cell differentiation is not entirely specified
(2). Due to the continuous destruction of periodontium following periodontal diseases, it is necessary to use connective tissues (grafts) in order to transplant, restore and regenerate the lost or damaged fibers of periodontium using appropriate materials and methods (3). Definitely, the best graft is the autogenously transplantation
(auto-graft) received from the patient’s tissues through conventional methods or using autologous stem cells. Hence, the stem cells that differentiate into all periodontal tissues should be, first, identified and isolated in order to obtain appropriate cells for cellular regeneration (4 & 5).
Currently, diverse GTR1 techniques and bone grafts are not able to produce desirable physiological and functional results. With the recent advances of stem cells biology and

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