1.5. Research Objectives
The current research has a limited scope, as it confines itself to 20 male teachers, in some private institutes where the study took place and the data obtained through the conducted questionnaires and interviews with them. The research is set out to investigate their perceptions toward the use of Persian in English classrooms to find out whether the use of students’ L1, Persian in this case, plays a facilitating role in learning English. As has been mentioned earlier, the aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of English teachers toward using learners’ L1, Persian in this case, in English language classrooms.
All in all the main aim of this study is to investigate the perceptions of English teachers in institutes
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Definition of Key Words
1.7.1) L1 (First Language): A person’s mother tongue or the language acquired first. A first language (also native language, mother tongue, or L1) is the language or are the languages a person has learned from birth or within the critical period, or that a person speaks the best and so is often the basis for sociolinguistic identity (Persian in our case), (Richards and Schmidt, 2002).
1.7.2) TL (Target Language): (in language teaching) the language which a person is learning, in contrast to a first language or mother tongue (Richards and Schmidt, 2002).
1.7.3) Foreign Language: According to Richards and Schmidt (2002) foreign language is “…a language which is not the language of large numbers of people in a particular country or region, is not used as a medium of instruction in schools, and is not widely used as a medium of communication in government, media, etc.”(p. 206).
1.7.4) Code Switching: a change by a speaker (or writer) from one language or language verity to another one. Code switching can take place in a conversation when one speaker uses one language and the other speaker answers in a different language (Richards and Schmidt,
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In this first chapter, statement of the problem, significance of the study along with the purpose of the study are presented. Chapter Two deals with the relevant literature pinpointing different ideas and opinions on the use of mother tongue in English classes. Upon presenting related theoretical concepts and classifications, a number of studies are presented in a more detailed way. In chapter three the methodology of the study is presented. In chapter four, the results of the study are fully elaborated upon. Chapter five presents a discussion of the findings of the study. In the rest, it outlines the conclusions, pedagogical implications of findings, and suggestions for further
When you think of WWII, you think of Europe, but you would be surprised how much happened in the Pacific. In the Pacific, the U.S took over island after island from Japan. The Navajo code talkers sent messages in their native language to other code talkers. Navajo code talkers totally changed the outcome of the war.
Rios discusses his findings after conducting quantitative research at Punta Vista School, CA. The main objective of Punta Vista
During World War II, Navajo Code Talkers had their own language to communicate with their friends during the war. This way the enemies didn’t know any of their plans or what they were saying. They had bilingual Navajo people to translate it once they talked over the radio. They were saving thousands of lives with their language. During 1942, The war was not going well for America.
Young’s definition of code switching is a transition or deliberate changing of a certain style of language use to another. In the article, Young argues that the traditional unspoken bias towards code switching that is expected at school and/or in the workplace, is discriminatory
One’s culture is often learned by watching other people and imitating their actions. The same goes for learning a subject or a language. Generally, languages can even define a culture. In the United States, a way into the culture is to learn the predominant language. This is true for other cultures, as well.
Research Design 3.2. Participants 3.3. Instruments 3.4. Procedure 4. Limitations 5.
Tan is able to convey the power of language in her writing through the significance of the title "Mother Tongue", by narrating from three different perspectives and through her diction. The title "Mother Tongue" exemplifies the connection between culture and language as one's native language can also be known as their mother tongue. This language is the first language a child hears and learns to speak. Tan's mother tongue is a combination of Chinese and English, which was taught to her by her mother.
This includes the concept of lingua franca, diffusion, and non-material culture. The article references how globalization has a long term effect on the French language in Canada. Globalization is defined as the “shrinking” of the world in terms of communication and interaction, this plays a role in the diffusion of the lingua franca of English. Since English is the lingua franca of the world, the language the used around the world to do business and well as communicate with each other, many people will be learning English for better communication with other parts of the world. This article could also relate to the concept of non-material culture.
In addition, in paragraph 11, the author says, “We must review the threat of flunking and see it as it really is-a positive teaching tool. It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them.” This shows how the threat of flunking is actually
In Amy Tan‘s essay “Mother Tongue” (1999), she describes her life with her mother in America and how the broken speech of her mother has had an influence on her life. Amy Tan talks about the different “Englishes" she speaks to communicate with different people. Also, she tells us about her love for English and how she becomes a famous writer in America. In her essay she tries to shows us that language, culture, and education shapes us into who we are and the more you study English the more you learn and English will change your life a lot.
After reading Mother Tongue by Amy Tan, my perspective changed about the struggles for people who are not as good at English. All throughout this article Tan uses personal experience from her mom to show the readers the struggle while also using primary sources to back up her claim. All the evidence backs up her initial claim and as the reader your perspective changes after reading about how she personally was effected. The author 's main claim of Mother Tongue is to persuade people so respect people who struggle with English because she has serval personal connections, she has fact based proof, and she is an experienced writer on this topic and in general. All throughout the reading she uses many personal stories and personal experiences on how difficult it was for her mother to go through her everyday life.
" Scientific Research. Ed. Sylvia Engdahl. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2015. Opposing Viewpoints.
Furthermore, this may lead to disruptive behavior as the teacher cannot demand good behavior from their learners and thus there will not be enough time to teach a certain subject if all the time spent is on trying to get their learners to work (Rodrigo: 2016). Another negative aspect of code-switching is miscommunication and misinterpreting what has been said. This could lead to a teacher being offensive to learners if a phrase or sentence is used incorrectly and thus diminishing the professional relationship between students and teachers. For example, a teacher might say a phrase in another language but a student could take the phrase out of context, which may cause many problems.
Code switching is a switch in the way you speak or the language you speak, Sometimes codes switching is formal or in formal speech. Code switching is something you do around your friends, family, school, and work. It is something very important because it helps with every conversation you may have at school, home or work. Schools make this a requirement to code switch because it helps to improve your communication with others, which is good for a future job interview and speaking with law enforcements. I feel like school made this a requirement for everybody because it helps to know when to speak properly and when you’re talking to friends.
It is encouraged for students to learn foreign languages as it has numerous benefits. Most countries have introduced foreign language starting from the early age. Today, the high school graduates are required to study foreign language in schools as it becomes a requirement for them to graduate from certain college with minimum of two years of learning foreign languages. Hence, the students are encouraged to learn on other language. Basically, foreign language is a native to another country and it is also a language which is not spoken in the native country of the person referred to.