Africa is largely known for its resourcefulness on raw materials that places it in a state of great potentiality for development. However, numerous studies have shown that the cultural perspectives of personal development through less constraining processes have remained the major issue that hinder the region from developing (Ejimabo (2013). In most of the African countries, political leaders have development a tendency of self-dependence when dealing with the matter of sharing of national economic resources. Political seats are highly fought for, as people aspire to benefit personally from the public properties. Poor leadership decisions are largely the main issue to base the blame on, a detrimental fact that has resulted to massive poverty …show more content…
Cash transfers and public services have played the major role particularly in the endorsement of ‘Bolsa Familia’. Cultural diversity was the key issue contributing to the occurrence of inequality with socio-economic and political representation in Brazil. However, the political will to make transformational leadership possible enabled the government to enact and successfully implement social policies that promote unity, equality, and social representation. As argued by Ncube et al, African leaders should learn from countries such as Brazilian where formulation of well-designed redistributive program has helped reduce poverty at a very high rate. Moreover, such programs are considered potential on boosting the development speed on middle-income nations within Southern Africa, as they have had a long-term issue of having slow development process. Numerous political and economic scholars, researchers, and politicians have clearly implicated that Africa should tap its own experiences of success, a potential reality exhibited in the reiteration of useful macroeconomic buffers and stability witnessed from the region’s state of …show more content…
As noted by Lewis concerning religious influence in Malaysia, The Advocates for Human Rights noted Cameroon as a country affected by such cultural influence. In the Advocate’s report, it was stated that activism for women inclusion in political decision-making has always been less fruitful. In Cameroon, women population is estimated to be 51%, while women representatives in the government are as low as 13.5%. Djateng (2011) argued that majority of Cameroon community members consider peace of God to be the fruit of justice which embodies tolerance, unity, respect, and love. Such religious connections have created power-distance whereby an entrepreneur or a politician is treated as the idea source of prominent, ideal decisions. Associating such leadership constraints in respect to the power of leaders in making critical decisions, Cavum (2007) stated that practices are common to countries endorsing culture of collectivism. Using Malaysia as an example, Cavum argued that countries characterized by such cultures tend to have autocratic leadership and centralization of authority in decision-making within businesses. Moreover, a firm operating in Malaysia, as it is with those operating in regions endorsing high-power
Although the country of Brazil fashions itself as a racial democracy, and promotes the Afro-Cuban culture through programs and tourism, very few Black have ascended to important government or corporate
Social class correlates with inequality in the United States and Brazil, but what precisely leads to inequality is the dynamics of power people experience based on what social class they belong in. Sociologist John Gaventa discusses the three dimensions of power and how the maintain acquiescence among inequalities. These power dynamics, which correlate to people's social class, are what lead to inequality in the U.S. and Brazil. The First Dimension of Power correlates to social class in that those who are in lower social classes have fewer resources in achieving the American Dream. These resources include education, social and career connections, and money to save up.
Africa In World Politics: Engaging a Changing Global Order by John Harbenson and Donald Rothchild gives an analysis of how Africa has changed from being a European ruled colonial nation to a nation that it creating a name for itself in the global sphere. Beginning with Africa’s politics during the colonial era through the present. The book provides not only details about Africa but also how the changing world has affected African politics. The main focus of this book is to show the growth Africa has had since its time of colonization. Africa has grown as the world has changed although it has had to deal with internal conflicts and demands for political change due to its authoritarian regimes.
Also, the rulers of said kingdoms have used no nonsense policies, both domestic and foreign, to decrease crime rates and peacefully trade. And, lastly, Africa’s natural geography has helped the African people be some of the most successful. Whether it’s the desert or the densely vegetated areas, Africa’s geography has helped it’s people. Before the arrival of the
As well as a strong government, with generosity and security. Also, a culture of various learned men, with people skilled in the arts. The achievements of the African people before European arrival showed how successful and sustainable a nation can be with a deep culture, a strong economy and a generous
Do Americans lack significant understanding of Brazilian immigrant values? Which immigrants within the community are willing to speak out about religion, family, and economics and how does this ethnographic data shape the discourse on the Brazilian immigrant community in the United States? Too many Americans have a fragmented knowledge of the Brazilian immigrant experience in the U.S. A limited number of American-edited songs, films, and news headlines and articles skew American awareness of Brazilian culture, and this limited media lens excludes the Brazilian point of view. Brazilian immigrants have said that beyond The Girl From Ipanema, produced by Creed Taylor, an American, and the 20th Century Fox-produced film Rio, many Americans are
d., 1989). Scholars who endorse this term maintain that Brazilians do not regard each other through the lens of race, and that therefore race is not a relevant consideration in the study of social inequality. Abdias Nascimento’s ideas stand in direct opposition to this dominant discourse of racial democracy. His writings affirm the continuing importance of race in analyses of political inequality. He also draws attention to the important differences in cultural practice and worldview that emerge from the African ancestry of Brazil’s Afro-Brazilian population in ways that dominant political discourses, in Brazil and elsewhere, are not likely to.
The region of Latin America has invariably been classified as having the highest levels of economic inequality in the world, with its nations characterized by extreme disparities in the distribution of wealth, income and consumption. The particular unequal distribution of productive assets, including land, skilled labor and capital (Huber and Stephens, 2012) is said to reflect an inverse pyramid (Hoffman and Centeno, 2003). It can be argued that the continent 's contemporary patterns of economic inequality cannot be fully interpreted without examining the historical processes of development and waves of globalization. Therefore, this essay will seek to examine the impact of the polarized political, economic and social institutions and power
In order to keep up with the labor, plantation owners began importing slaves from Africa, which later led to a great mix in the country’s race and ethnicity. Once these sugar plantations began to harvest a successful profit, other European countries, like France and Spain, began to gain more and more interest in the land. This interest led to a great increase in wealth and immigration towards Brazil. These rival colonial
Today in class we talked about America and if we cherish diversity. At first the majority of the class said “yes” including myself, but as we finished our debate most of us had gone from “yes” to “no.” Also, in the articles we read in class earlier last week, Patel states that even though Washington had slaves, MLK junior still looked up to him as a great leader, he also states that Washington wanted America to stand for something different. McGregor does not believe America cherishes diversity because she wanted Oscars and acting academy’s to be more equal… most academy awards were given to white males on top of not having even one female in the directing industry. I believe that America does not cherish diversity because sexism and racism
The association of poverty with Africa goes together like apple pie and America. From the advertisements of malnourished, African children to our education, or rather lack of education, about African countries in the American school system, the concept of Africa as an impoverished continent has been engrained into our minds. This rhetoric of Africa has lasted over decades, with a substantial amount of aid being given to African countries to rectify this problem. And yet, sixteen of the world’s poorest countries were identified as being in sub-Saharan Africa as of 2013. This insinuates that foreign countries and organizations that provide aid, need to reevaluate why aid isn’t making a bigger impact at fixing the problem.
Because of the importance of the power variable of leadership and cultural development, this sheet will see how leaders use or abuse power and the impact this use of power has on the culture of an
My heart was a drum constantly palpitating in attempt to keep something alive; in this case it was my adrenaline filled body. Diversity was spread among the talents that put on a show, but after waiting for hours, four men that called themselves Fall Out Boy strode onto the pitch platform just anticipating creating memories. Blaring beats started playing encouraging the crowd to gombol to the angsty song. Glimmering strobe lights illuminated beads of sweat down their flushed cheeks as the scent of sweat invaded my nostrils and the ballad carried on.
Bass and Avolio (1993) pointed out that leadership style is based on behavior areas from laissez-fair (no leadership) to participative (take inputs from subordinate but ultimate decision making with the leader) through transactional leadership (which depends on reward system and punishments) to transformational leadership (which is based on inspiration and behavioral charisma) and ultimately Autocratic leadership (absolute power on decision making). The researcher selected above approach since it has been developed recently and efficiently demonstrated through research findings. The various components are further elaborated below; 1. Laissez-fair Style Laissez-fair leaders are characterized as an avoidant leader who may uninvolved with their subordinates. As per Mondy and Premeaux (1995), these leaders let group members to make all decisions.
1.1 Overview of Brazil Brazil is one of the largest countries of South America and Latin American region. The country got freedom and became an independent nation in 1822 from the rule of Portugal. Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labour pool, Brazil became Latin America's leading economic power by the 1970s. Being one of the largest and most populous countries in South America, the country has overcome more than half a century of military intervention in the governance of the country to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of the interior geographic of the country. Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country, not only by geographical area and but also by population.