Gender is a socially constructed definition of what women and men are. It is different to the term ‘sex’. Sex refers to the biological characteristics of a woman and a man. What is masculine and feminine, for males and females, can vary depending on their cultural background. This means that the society’s expectations confirm the behavioural, psychological and physical qualities that are related to the particular gender.
The social scientist refer to such societies. As I learn the difference between societies in the regards of acceptable behavior and what is unacceptable behavior in societies. The gender role process teaching beings immediately after birth. When the infant girls is usually held more gently and treated more tenderly, than infant boys who are handle more roughly. The gender role continues as the child grows up.
In a third and final point, we’ll consider that both gender studies and feminism should be studied separately because gender studies goes further and takes into account sexual characteristics and oppression in general rather than only social oppression towards a biological sex, being women. Gender is something different from social movements. Indeed, in general, gender studies bring to a reflexion on what is being a male and what is being a female according to time and places. The main goal of these studies is to observe how a sex is supposed to reproduce a common thinking and acting according to its societal past. According to Joan Scott, one of the main and first theorists of gender studies: "In grammar, gender is understood to be a way of classifying phenomena, a socially agreed upon system of distinctions rather than an objective description of inherent traits.
Gender identity has been defined in several ways, including comfort with one’s gender, self-perception of adherence to gender stereotypes, and internalized social pressure for conforming to gender stereotypes. According to the Journal and Reseach on Gender and Adolescent Development, there are several problems with this practice. First, it involves inferring gender identity from self-perceived gender typing, and one cannot test such theories without distinguishing the two constructs conceptually and empirically. Second, because the degree to which a person is male typical (or female typical) in one domain is not highly correlated with how male typical the person in other domain. (Egan and Perry,
However, this comparison to difference, while an essential part of the identity process, can become problematic. Intrinsic to the relationship between identity and difference is the need to cement in the created identity the idea that it is natural or normal. Connolly refers to this need as an effort “to congeal established identities into fixed forms, thought and lived as if their structure expressed the true order of things” (Connolly: 64). If the established identity is the norm, then anything that is different is problematized and considered other. For Connolly, difference itself is not enough to other a group, it requires normalizing the traits of the original
I argue that one’s internal sense of their inborn gender identity influences how one will outwardly express their gender in society. I disagree with Butler’s stance that there is no identity behind expression, because I believe that gender expression is an outward reflection of one’s internal reality, which leads to my final point. My final argument against Butler is that humans are in control of their gender expression. I argue that humans have the ability to create their gender expression. Whether it be clothing and personal style, mannerisms and personality traits, or interests and jobs, I believe that humans ultimately make the conscious decision to choose these gendered characteristics in accordance with their gender identity.
The focus of the circumstantialism approach is not of the ethnic groups that are involved but more on the external circumstances and conditions that shape ethnic identities. The circumstantialist account argues that people emphasize their ethnicity when it is advantageous (Verkuyten 2005/2012: 84-85). The primordialism approach emphasizes the emotional and imperative nature of ethnicity and has a focus on the sense of ethnic identity within the internal dimensions (Verkuyten 2005/2012: 86). It argues that ethnicity is often something meaningful and the ethnic actors tend to perceive themselves and the world through a primordial lens (Verkuyten 2005/2012:
There are many barriers that hinder messages from being delivered from senders to receivers in its original form and that includes gender, perceptual and emotional barriers among many others. In this essay, the focus will be on the barrier between genders: Male and Female. Traditionally, gender is “the state of being male or female.” However, according to Monash University, gender represents the social and cultural construction of what is masculine and feminine, while sex refers to the biological sex characteristics that one is born with (Nobelius, 2004). In communication, the focus would be on the cultural and societal factors that affect communication and that has got to do with gender and the habits and characteristics that are associated with it. Sandra Bem (1981) in her journal article, ‘Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing source,’ states that people’s attitude and way of behaving are based on ‘Gender Schema’ which is “a cognitive network of assumptions about the personalities and moral
(Reading, 2014) Defines gender identity as “a personal conception of oneself as male or female (or rarely, both or neither)”. Gender expression, which is defined as the ways in which we each manifest masculinity or feminity or the outward manifestations of personality that reflect the gender identity. Sex is either of the two categories (male and female) into which humans and most other living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions. In this essay, gender identity, gender expression and biological sex will be critically evaluated and examples will be given in order to distinguish between gender identity and gender expression. Gender is a socially constructed way of seeing a person as either male or female.
The whole is society, and language is one strand of the social. And whereas all linguistic phenomena are social, not all social phenomena are linguistic – though even those that are not linguistic (economic production, for instance) typically have a substantial, and often underestimated, language element” (Fairclough, 2001, p. 19). Apart from the linguistic and social codependence another way of looking at language as a social practice is looking at what distinguishes discourse from the term text. To approach this Fairclough uses text in much the same way as linguist Michael Halliday. In general, his consensus is that “a text is a product rather than a process – a product of the process of text production” (Fairclough, 2001, p. 20).