Mites have been responsible for the collapse of millions of honey bee colonies over the past decade. For example, the invasive parasitic mite Varroa destructor is the biggest problem for honey bees worldwide. Over the past few decades, is has been spread out of southeast Asia and reached almost a global presence. The mites have responsible for collapsing a colony of 50,000 – 60,000 honey bees can be completely wiped out by a Varroa infestation in as little as 2 years. Mites cause damage to developing honey bees.
2.5.2 Chemical control This involves the application of chemicals to the weed so as to eradicate it. This method just like any other has its pros and cons. For instance, the use of chemicals can have potential adverse impacts on man and the environment. Furthermore, the chemicals may as well affect the fish population in the water body. The use of chemical control also poses a challenge especially when it is to be applied on a shared resource e.g.
These herbicides kill weeds that have emerged, but have no residual activity on those emerging subsequently. Additionally, these herbicides can burn back
In animals there are ringworm, Fungal mastitis, Asperillosis. Potato blight is a very important pathogen, it is an example of an obligate parasite i.e. it must like in the cells of the host. This microorganism can also affect tomatoes. Hyphae grow between the living cells of the tomatoes leaf.
Pests can be bugs, mice and different creatures, weeds, organisms, or microorganisms, for example, microbes and infections. A few illustrations of pests are termites creating harm to our homes, dandelions in the grass, and insects on our mutts and felines. Pesticides likewise are utilized to execute life forms that can result in infections. Most pesticides contain chemicals that can be destructive to
Invasive plants can be in the form of trees, shrubs, vines, grasses and flowers and they are difficult to control, however they can be controlled with the implementation of a biocontrol agent, which decreases the spread of the said species. A biocontrol agent is the use of an organism to control the presence of another. These organisms can be in the form of insects or grazing animals, and although it can limit the negative effects of the invasive plant by controlling its growth and its negative impacts, such
A number of plant substances have been considered for use as insect repellent for example, basil, clove, Sinnamon and lemon. In the context of agriculture pest management natural insecticide are best suited for use in organic food production in industrialized cities but can play much greater role in the production and postharvest protection of food in developing cities. Natural insecticides are safe for environment because it is non toxic to humans and our environment. There are some advantages for natural insecticide: 1. Not expansive.
Plants that are pollinated by insects such as honey bees are called "entomophilous". One worker bee is capable of visiting anywhere from 50 to 1000 flowers in a stretch or row, pollinating many important plants. This relationship is mutually beneficial, the plants are pollinated and can produce fruits and disperse more seeds, while the bees collect nectar for food
Insect pests are major biotic constraints to vegetables production in India. Apart from causing direct damage many of them also act as vectors for several viral diseases. These insect pests upon feeding suck plant nutrients and cause uneven ripening. In vegetables, 30-40 per cent crop losses are due to sucking pest incidence (Rai et al 2014). Sucking insects reproduce rapidly and cause damage hence it is tedious to control the sucking insects with insecticides.
A plant disease is an impairment of the normal functioning of the plant or the plant part caused by disease causing agents such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes. Plant diseases can be spread from the infected plant to the healthy plant.