Pesticides In Agriculture

Pesticides use in agriculture

Abstract: A pest is any organism that causes an economic loss or damage to the physical well being of human beings. It may destroy our crops, cause diseases in them or in human beings etc. Chemicals used to eradicate or worn-out the unwanted pest’s population from agriculture or experimental field are called as pesticides. Some pesticides are organism-specific and have particular mode of action to remove the pests. Current article is informative about the types of pesticides used in modern agriculture and bio-farming, and its interaction in environmental processes.

Keywords: Fungicides, weedicides/herbicides, nematicides, rodenticides, insecticides, algicides, biopesticides and BCA.

Introduction

Since before

DDT is the most famous pesticide of the world and is a non-biodegradable pollutant. Spraying of DDT on crops produces pollution of air, soil and water. In India, as a result of prolonged use of DDT, 13-31 ppm of DDT can be detected in the body fat of the people, highest in the world. DDT concentrates from water into the body and magnified in higher members of the food web.9 DDT tolerance level is 10ppm for a freshwater crustacean Daphnia and this means Daphnia will die beyond that concentration. DDT has become ineffective for killing mosquitoes because of the development of adaptive resistance. DDT does not inhibit cholinesterase activity and is relatively non-toxic to mammals, but in oil solution it is absorbed by skin. Pesticide (DDT) is banned now a days because DDT interacts with the food-chain in our ecosystem and causes serious damages and loss of biodiversity. For example; biomagnification, or bioamplification is the increasing concentration of a substance, such as a toxic chemical like DDT or mercury, in the tissues of organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain. This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolised or excreted, and is thus passed on to the next higher trophic level. In this manner, the concentration of DDT is increased at

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