Phantom Limb Pain

1. Project Title: Post-Operative Pain Assessment for Major Orthopaedic Cases, a case-control study. 2. Summary: A. Study title: Post-operative Pain Assessment for Major Orthopaedic Operative Cases, a case-control study. B. Study design: case control study.

Due to the presence of the mirror the individual visually perceives that both hands are there and functioning. To release the clenching pain the person clenches both “hands” and releases. Upon the release of the hands the individual feels the clenching pain begin to subside in their phantom limb; therefore, the individual continues to clench and release whenever the pain becomes unbearable again. The second case presented to Ramachandran does not fit with the theory provided. The second case is showing that the brain needs to experience a type of placebo effect with visual stimuli to ease the clenching phantom limb pain. Phantom limb pain cannot just be a reorganization of the somatosensory cortex.

Phantom Limb Pain. Phantom limb, a common medical issue for amputees, refers to ongoing painful sensations stemming from the location where the limb used to be. About 70 percent of amputee patients experience phantom limb pain and it can be chronic and debilitating. Virtual reality games are used to help alleviate phantom limb pain by picking up on nerve inputs from the brain and using virtual limbs to gain control.

The purpose of my paper is to discuss the history of Congenital Analgesia and its presence in the human body. Congenital Analgesia, also referred to as Congenital Insensitivity to Pain or CIP, is a rare neurological disorder of the nervous system that prevents a person from being able to feel pain. Congenital Analgesia results from the “lack of ion channels that transport sodium across sensory nerves. Without these channels, nerve cells are unable to communicate pain” (Hamzelou, 2015, p. 1). While the body does not respond to extreme changes in temperature or bodily harm and damage, those with Congenital Analgesia can still process normal sensations such as body-to-body contact or joint movement.

Acute pain can be described as being mild to severe and can last for weeks and up to six months. This type of pain stops when the actual cause of the pain has been treated properly or alleviated. According to the National Center for Health Statistics (2006) “approximately 76.2 million, one in every four Americans, have suffered from pain that lasts longer than twenty-four hours and millions more suffer from acute pain.” An important aspect of patient care is pain control which can be accomplished by a multimodal approach. This narrative will review the best practice and guideline of multimodal techniques for the management of acute pain.

Therapy would consist of psychosocial and emotional issues to help deal with limb amputations, post traumatic

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have strongly recommended the use of PT, non-drug, non-opioid as the first-line of treatment for chronic pain. The public tends to think that physical therapy deals more on the physical aspect of health. As we have learned in Health and Wellness, there is more than to the physical aspect of health. Wellness do not only include

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a nerve disorder that occurs at the site of an injury. It occurs especially after injuries from high-velocity impacts such as those from bullets or shrapnel. However, it may occur without apparent injury. The arms or legs are usually involved.

One form of pain is physical pain by being inured. This type of pain was one of the most common, and caused many people to die in the war. Paul got hurt in the All Quiet on the Western Front and was forced to go to a hospital to get surgery. He saw many others with blown off hand and limbs and considered himself lucky that he still had all of his. If a soldier had a wound in the hand and it would take a lot of time and care to heal they would often just amputate part of the arm.

Jeffrey Eubanks J17002346 February 7, 2018 Physical Therapy Physical therapy is a career that will always be needed throughout society; it helps the human body rebuild physical function in people that have been injured, have birth defects, or any other reasons. People who have been in accidents or have disabling conditions such as low-back pain, arthritis, heart disease, fractures, head injuries and cerebral palsy turn to physical therapists, commonly called PTs, for help. These health care professionals use an assortment of techniques, called modalities, to reestablish function, improve movement, relieve pain and avoid or limit lasting physical disabilities in their patients. There are certain education requirements to become one, just like

Because people who have phantom limb pain complain of a constant pain many health practitioners have attempted surgery based upon the premise that it is a nerve issue; however, surgery to fix the pain is unsuccessful. Ramachandran came up with the concept that the somatosensory homunculus on the right side of the brain has the representation of the face next to the hand on the cortex. Because the hand is no longer present, there is no stimulus coming from the hand to the somatosensory cortex. The cortex wants stimulation from the hand therefore the face encompasses the hand section of the somatosensory cortex and begins to activate the hand when the face has a stimulus. This apparent reorganization of the individual’s somatosensory cortex

She continues to have active symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome in the left upper extremity, which at this point may never resolve. Recommendation was made for continued conservative treatment, although IW was counseled that she may well have progression of ulnar neuropathy over time which could also have significant consequences for her with respect to pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness or deformity of the hand. Unfortunately, MD thinks that the IW’s risk of complications with revision surgery probably outweigh the risk of progression of her ulnar

Later in the recovery room I begun to feel the difference, the heaviness of my leg the swelling, and overall numbness endured by the mandatory nerve block. After 30 minutes the redressed me in my snap up sweats, and a ratty old soccer shirt. slowly placed me into a wheel chair and eased me into the back seat of my mothers suv. The first two weeks were easy, staying in bed, while watching television not allowing my self to even think about putting weight on my leg even to use the bathroom. The only struggle was showering, my incision was to new to be wet, without fear of infection;therefore I had to sit in my shower with chair covering my leg with a 12 gallon trash bag securely fastened around my leg propped up to decrease swelling.

Symptom Characteristics Pre-surgery, Susie suffered from numb toes and pain down her leg, post-surgery Susie lost the use of her legs and suffered from extreme pain in her legs and hip and numb lower legs. Pre-surgery her symptoms are an annoyance and post-surgery she was in a wheelchair and unable to walk or stand, drive and work. She suffered 24/7 with pain and medication only briefly lessening the pain. 6. Conceptualization of disease: The 5 components a.

In Addition, another agreement of physical therapy being useful in pain treatment, is that it avoids surgery and strong medications. People have different perspectives on medical purposes as some may prefer drug medications as it beyond what they except to take while others take surgery offers for quicker results in reducing pain; “Surgery may not always be the best first course of action. A physical therapist, in many cases, can help patients avoid the often unnecessary risks and expenses of surgery”. (http://www.apta.org/ 2013) and medications can be unresponsive to the body movements causing other informalities; “Medications that impact the central nervous system and alter (slow down) they way our nerves think and our reflexes respond can put patients’ at risk during physical therapy and certainly at risk for falls”.