Pharmaceutical Tablets Research Paper

1.9. Pharmaceutical tablets (22,25)

The most frequently used dosage form for pharmaceutical preparations is presently the tablet, available in different forms and administered orally. The advantages of this dosage form are manifold: tablets are cost effective to manufacture, convenient to dispense and store, and simple for the patient to administer, and they give a adaptable means of delivering the drug. Release of drug from the tablet can be inhibited by changing the design and content of the formulation. Also, since this is a dry dosage form, tablets give a helpful environment for drug strength and generally have a comparatively extensive shelf life. Tablets are manufactured by applying pressure to a powder bed, which compresses the powder

mechanical strength, disintegration time and drug release quality) are affected by both the properties of the ingredient materials and the manufacturing process. Excipients such as diluents, binders and lubricants are usually needed in a formulation in command to facilitate the manufacturing process, but also to make sure that the resulting tablets have the required properties. For example, tablets should be adequately strong to endure handling during manufacturing and usage, but should also disintegrate and release the drug in a conventional and reproducible way. It is thus significant to desire the suitable excipient and manufacturing process when developing a new tablet formulation. The uniaxial compaction of a pharmaceutical powder results in an anisotropic and heterogeneous tablet among variations in such properties as density, porosity and mechanical strength all over the tablet. The tablet porosity of mainly materials is about 5 to 30%. This means that yet at comparatively elevated compaction pressures, tablets will infrequently be non-porous.The most suitable model depends on the compaction and bonding description of a certain material. In the first model, a tablet is described as powder particles diffuse in air, so that the

The tablet to be tested was held between a fixed and a moving jaw of Monsanto Hardness Tester. The force applied to the edge of the tablet was progressively improved by touching the screw knob forward awaiting the tablet breaks. The reading was noted from the scale which indicates the pressure necessary to break the tablet. The hardness of a tablet depends on the weight of the substance used, space between the upper and lower punches at the time of compression and pressure useful during compression. The hardness also depends on the nature and ability of recipients used in formulation. If the completed tablet is too hard, it may not disintegrate in the mandatory period of time and if the tablet is too soft it may not survive the handing in packing and