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Solution Of Phenol: Removal Of Phenol

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2.3. Removal of phenols:
Phenols being toxic and environmentally hazardous components are found in wastewaters of coking plants, phenolic resin production plants etc. [1]. Due to their toxicity the treatment must be accomplished before their solutions can be safely discharged into the water resources. It has been observed that phenol has many adverse effects on aquatic ecosystem even when they are exposed to small concentrations. Reduction in growth, fecundity and maturity index of aquatic animals was observed (by Saha et al.) as a result of exposure to phenol (1.26 mg L−1) for 90 days. Also, mortality of about 0–30% of fathead minnows (freshwater fish) was observed by Becker and Crass when they were exposed for 96 hrs to a concentration ranging from 5.8–8.0 mg L−1 of phenol. Also, phenol involves in a reaction with chlorine while the treatment of municipal water giving chlorophenols as the product, which are carcinogenic in nature [2]. Due to the high toxic nature of phenols, they are subjected to some of the specific regulations. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) asks for lowering the phenol content in potable and mineral waters to about 0.5 ppb, but currently the limits for wastewater discharge are 0.5 ppm for surface waters and 1 ppm for the sewage system [3]. Hence the removal of phenols is a major …show more content…

Studies show that addition of 0.02% (v/v) of [BMIM]+[PF6]− in membrane phase enhances the emulsion stability by 5 times and this experiment was carried out using Rose Bengal dye to detect the emulsion separation. After selecting the appropriate operating conditions, 99.5% of phenol was found to be removed and more than 90% of chlorophenols were removed from aqueous solutions

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