Photosynthetic Pigments Lab Report
Linh Dinh; Omar Cherif; Alexandra Olsson IB2G/IB2B
Dr. Young
Photosynthetic Pigments Lab Report
December 1, 2014
Photosynthetic Pigments Lab
The aim of this lab is to separate photosynthetic pigments by chromatography, a method used to separate the components of a mixture, and to measure each pigment’s Rf value.
There are different types of chromatography, and the one which this lab focuses on is paper chromatography. The components of the mixture, in this case, spinach leaves mixed with acetone, are pipetted at one end of the chromatography paper and hung in a jar slightly above solvent vapor to create the reaction.
Hypothesis
For this lab, we expect the polar pigments will have the largest Rf value whereas the non-polar pigments will
…show more content…
B-carotene was the pigment which had the largest Rf value, and it is a pigment which is insoluble in water and petroleum ethel. Chlorophyll B on the other hand had the least Rf value and is, also insoluble in water, but very soluble in petroleum ether. Based on these results, we can deduce that those pigments with high Rf values are insoluble in the solvent, and as the Rf value decrease, the pigments become more soluble in the solvent. This order would be opposite if the solvent were to be replaced with water rather than the nonpolar solvent mixture of petroleum ether and acetone because of the polarity patterns.
Chlorophyll A and B are both insoluble in water but both very soluble in the solvent made up of petroleum ether and acetone. The tail of both molecules is made up of carbon atoms, and the head is hydrophilic; the one difference between the A and B molecules is on the head of the A molecule, CH3 is present, whereas on the B pigment, a carbon atom is double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydrogen atom. From this, we can speculate that the hydrophilic properties of Chlorophyll make the two pigments very soluble in the solvent. They are insoluble in water based on the fact that the entire molecule is not
…show more content…
The wavelength of the absorption maximum for the chlorophylls are red and blue. The wavelengths of absorption maximum for the other three carotenoids is blue-green. Shown in the graph below.
The reason why plants have more than one or more pigments is because chlorophyll has a small range of light that it captures. So it needs to pair up with other pigments that captures the wavelengths of light that chlorophyll misses especially the blue spectra and another function of these other pigments is to protect the leave from UV damage, an example for this kind of pigment is Xanthophyll. The reason why plant leaves are green is because the leave absorbs all the wavelengths of light except the green ones and the reflection of green is what we
Procion Red Dye Lab Report
1454 Words | 6 PagesFor this lab, zeolite and magnetized zeolite were synthesized and compared with charcoal to find out with would be the most effective in the sequestering of Procion Red dye. Finding the concentration and absorbance of each zeolite, magnetized zeolite, and charcoal, along with a calibration curve, the best adsorbent is determined. Charcoal was the overall best sequestration of the Procion Red dye, since the adsorbent was highest compared to the others. Introduction Pollution has increased in the environment over the years, so the purpose of this experiment is to find the best adsorbent of chemicals to reduce the pollution.
Temperature Of Peroxidase Lab Report
1100 Words | 5 PagesThat mixture was then filtered through a coffee filter. Nine test tubes were prepared in order to perform this dye coupled reaction. One contained 5.0ml of the potato and pH buffer mixture, 2.0 ml of hydrogen peroxide, and 1.0 of guaiacol to serve as a blank for the spectrophotometer. Four test tubes were filled with 2.0 ml of hydrogen peroxide and 1.0 ml of guaiacol, used for measurement by the spectrophotometer, each. The last four were filled with 4.0 ml of the potato and pH buffer mixture and 1.0 ml of peroxidase.
Floating Leaf Photosynthesis Lab Report
219 Words | 1 PagesQuinn Nguyen Floating Leaf Disk Photosynthesis Lab Conclusion: Graph your results for all 3 trials on one graph. Label the graph, both axes, and provide a legend to distinguish each trial. What was the rate of photosynthesis for each variable? How many leaves floated per minute? Rate of photosynthesis (leaves/min) Spinach: (2-0)/25 = 0.08
Spinach Leaf Photosynthesis Lab Report
1169 Words | 5 PagesDoriana Spurrell What different frequencies and types of light would prompt the Spinach leaves to go through the process of photosynthesis effectively? Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to see which of the four lights that range across the light spectrum would properly and most efficiently help the spinach leaf perform photosynthesis. Background Information: Photosynthesis is the process in which plants use light energy to transform into chemical energy.
Metabolism Exam Paper
1281 Words | 6 PagesCyanobacteria are able to absorb light at both short and long wavelengths whereas Chlorobi can only absorb light at long wavelengths. In the reaction center of cyanobacteria, oxygen is produced whereas the reaction center of Chlorobi does not generate oxygen. How do Green Bacteria overcome the low light conditions at which they are often found? Green bacteria have large chlorosomes which are composed of bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoids. These pigments are responsible for absorbing light at long wavelengths.
Paper Chromatography Lab Report
767 Words | 4 PagesFor the orange, the distance the band traveled was 39mm and the distance solvent traveled was 39mm and the Rf was calculated at 1mm. For strawberry the distance band traveled 38mm and the distance the solvent traveled was 41mm and the calculated Rf was .927mm. The colors for strawberry, orange and grape Kool-Aid are made with food dye. There is also salt that is found in Kool-Aid that is why when placed in the tubes containing %NaCl, the solvent caused the drops on the strips to travel so far. The results in this were expected.
Cross Condensation Of Aldol Lab Report
838 Words | 4 PagesWhile under the UV light the mixtures appeared a purple colour. The R_fValue Starting material: R_F=2.6/4.5 = 0.58 The sum: R_F=2.55/4.5 = 0.57
Indigo Dye Research Paper
918 Words | 4 Pages“In 1775, more than a million pounds of indigo was exported from South Carolina to England” (Indigo’s Political, Economic, Cultural History 1). This massive amount of dye being traded was due to many factors that made it nearly the perfect trade commodity. The process of indigo dye being made by slaves in South Carolina in the 1700s is shown very well in the book Someone Knows My Name by Lawrence Hill. The production of this indigo dye has an extensive history of being extremely arduous to produce naturally, but results in a compact substance that will last a long period of time and be very valuable.
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab
1039 Words | 5 PagesExperiment 2 Report Scaffold (Substitution Reactions, Purification, and Identification) Purpose/Introduction 1. A Sn2 reaction was conducted; this involved benzyl bromide, sodium hydroxide, an unknown compound and ethanol through reflux technique, mel-temp recordings, recrystallization, and analysis of TLC plates. 2. There was one unknown compound in the reaction that was later discovered after a series of techniques described above.
Lab Report Spectrophotometry Lab
851 Words | 4 PagesJaspreet Singh Professor Paratore Biology 1 November 1, 2014 Spectrophotometry Identifying Solutes and Determining Their Concentration Statement of the Exercise or of the Problem The purpose of the lab experiment was to attain the following objectives: • Learning to Operate the Spectrophotometer • Construct absorption spectra for cobalt chloride and chlorophyll. Hypothesis If greater and higher concentrations of cobalt chloride are added to each solution then greater amounts of light would be absorbed by each solution. Thus a liner relationship will result in which the absorbance of a substance would be proportional to its concentration, which will be depicted, in a linear graph.
Biological Membranes Lab Report
1621 Words | 7 PagesThis being that through the concentrations 40% to 10% the absorption of the solute was rather low, although some spikes on the Ethanol, although an increase in the absorption at 40% in Methanol, which could show the beginning of the required concentration for the membrane to break down and let out the pigment. This could be due to that the Ethanol and Methanol was not able to disrupt the lipid bilayer and absorb the beetroots membrane that gives it it’s pigment. This showing that the time or concentration of the Ethanol and Methanol was not long or high enough for the pigment to be absorbed into the solution making the absorbance really low as there was barely any colour change on the solute. The membrane although not reacting with alcohol present and it making the water less polar, it is evident that the membrane is soluble in water and the levels are higher as the membrane was able to be absorbed by the water, increasing the solutes absorption. Propanol on the other hand was able damage the membrane with a concentration of 20% up, which caused at least 3 times the absorption rate.
Effect Of Enzyme Concentration On Enzyme Reaction
1046 Words | 5 PagesThe 3 concentrations of enzymes were 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, and 2.0 ml of turnip extract, while the substrate consisted of 0.1ml, 0.2 ml, and 0.4 ml of hydrogen peroxide. In a separate tube, the control was made up of turnip extract and guaiacol, known as the color reagent. This was recorded the absorbance every 20 seconds for 3 minutes.
Column Chromatography Lab Report
1696 Words | 7 PagesThe ammonia: 1-butanol (1:1) solvent was the appropriate solvent to use for the column chromatography of food dye because it exhibited the properties of a good solvent system. A total 8 colored eluents were collected. The eluents had colors of pink, dark red, dark blue, dark green, light green, yellow, orange and light yellow respectively and
Chromatography Lab Report Discussion
1458 Words | 6 PagesIntroduction The term chromatography actually means colour writing, and signifies a technique by which the substance to be examined is placed in a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent, the different segments of the substance traveling through the adsorbent at distinctive rates of velocity, according to their degree of attraction to it, and producing bands of colour at different levels of the adsorption column. The substances least absorbed emerge earliest; those more strongly absorbed emerge later. (Wixom et al., 2011) In chromatography of all types, there is a mobile phase and a stationary phase.
More about Photosynthetic Pigments Lab Report
Procion Red Dye Lab Report
1454 Words | 6 PagesTemperature Of Peroxidase Lab Report
1100 Words | 5 PagesThe Great Gatsby Daisy
1603 Words | 7 PagesFloating Leaf Photosynthesis Lab Report
219 Words | 1 PagesSpinach Leaf Photosynthesis Lab Report
1169 Words | 5 PagesMetabolism Exam Paper
1281 Words | 6 PagesPaper Chromatography Lab Report
767 Words | 4 PagesCross Condensation Of Aldol Lab Report
838 Words | 4 PagesIndigo Dye Research Paper
918 Words | 4 PagesNucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab
1039 Words | 5 PagesLab Report Spectrophotometry Lab
851 Words | 4 PagesBiological Membranes Lab Report
1621 Words | 7 PagesEffect Of Enzyme Concentration On Enzyme Reaction
1046 Words | 5 PagesColumn Chromatography Lab Report
1696 Words | 7 PagesChromatography Lab Report Discussion
1458 Words | 6 Pages