Restraints are protective devices that are used to limit the activity of patients whom may pose threats to themselves. Restraints can be considered physical or chemical. Often times the use of seclusion can be deemed as a form of restraint as well. Physical restraints are any physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment that is attached to the body of the patient so that it cannot be easily removed. Physical restraints can potentially prevent the freedom of movement and one’s normal ability to access one 's own body. Furthermore, restraints hinder the ability to perform movements and/or actions one desires. Examples of physical restraints include bed side rails, wheelchair lap belts, leather or cloth wrist and ankle restraints, vests, hand mitts, pelvic ties, Geri-chairs, etc. (Koizer, 2012). Chemical restraints are medication and chemicals used for discipline or convenience. Simply stated, chemical restraints can be used to control acute or episodic socially disruptive, harmful, or aggressive behavior. Examples of chemical restraints include medications such as anxiolytics, sedatives, neuroleptic and psychotropic agents (Koizer, 2012). Seclusion can be defined as the involuntary confinement of a patient to a room …show more content…
Rakhmatullina and Jacob (2013) conducted a literature surrounding the current utilization of restraints that has been published over last 10 years. The review placed emphasis on restraints-related adverse outcomes in practice. Outcomes suggested the literature demonstrated an increased awareness in possible dangers, in addition to highlighting new areas of research in restraint utilization. However, despite the increase in awareness, there still is a lack of evidence that would reveal the dangers from theory to practice (Rakhmatullina & Jacob,
Dunaway v. New York 442 U.S. 200 (1979), (Detention for interrogation). Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968), (reviewed the application of unreasonable seizures). References; Joe HAYES v. FLORIDA, 470 U.S. 811, 105 S. Ct. 1643, 84 L. Ed. 2d 705
Caged. Chained. Tortured. These three words describe what prisons had to experience in Asylums and Prisons in the 1800s. The prisoners experienced horrible treatment and had to endure so much pain and agony like forced heavy labor, the electric chair, and sometimes even execution.
Solitary confinement legal definition is referred as the act of being kept alone in a cell without any interaction with other prisoners (US Legal, n.d.). In the article “The Hole: Solitary Confinement” by Jack Abbot writes about a vivid real life description of the author’s incarceration in prison. Abbott account unfolds the hardship and the effects of solitary confinement on the human body and mind. In this enclosed space of a cell there is little room to maneuver, measuring ten feet long and seven feet wide. In addition, there is a bunk, toilet and sink combination which leaves only approximately seven feet long by three feet wide of walking space (Abbott, 2002).
Imagine being trapped in a damp, dark, cage as a form of punishment for something that seems completely out of your grasp. Prisons were understaffed and as barbaric as it gets the people charged with crimes were whipped. The primary cause for their creation was to keep the crooks from harming any people right? Everyone in solitary confinement is treated the same way but not everyone came for the same reason. In fact, mentally ill people were considered to be harsh maniacs which did not receive treatment for a long time.
Therefore without these medicines it will be much difficult to release them to the hand of society. Medical cost: As the population of the prisons keep growing the more expensive the medical finances with cost. As with drug and metal offenders are in prison you will need to take care of them with medicines to help them out. As stated before these offender with “special needs” need more attention than other inmates or offenders.
Major Ethical Issues of Solitary Confinement Solitary confinement can affect a person’s physical and mental health simply because it deprives an individual of their need to interact with others on a daily basis. Solitary confinement, which is used to restrain violent and volatile inmates from the general prison population, is done in increments ranging from several months to years. In an article retrieved from the American Psychological Association, ‘Alone, in ‘the Hole’’, the author states that, “for most of the 20th century, prisoners' stays in solitary confinement were relatively short.” This was the standing rule, in which inmates visited what is known as ‘the hole’, for several weeks to months. As time went by, the average length of stay
Solitary confinement is the act of housing a convict for 22-23 hours a day in an isolated cell, completely free from any human contact for an extended period of time. Going from days to possibly decades while sitting in these cells. There are more than 80,000 men, women, and children in solitary confinement in prisons across the United States according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Not including thousands more in jails, juvenile facilities, immigration detention centers and military prisons. After experiencing confinement some inmates suffer from negative mental health effects that can possibly lead to suicide.
Physical and mechanical restraint can be similarly defined to be “Any device or individual that confines or restricts movement,” whereas chemical restraint is defined to be “Any drug that is used… to either control behavior or to restrict the patient’s freedom of movement that is not typically administered… as being prescribed for a medical treatment or psychiatric condition” (Fryer 27). Clearly, there is a stark difference between the physical and mechanical restraint uses as compared to the chemical, for many would consider injecting an adolescent with a medication that they are not prescribed for as being unlawful. Seclusion of a patient involves confining a patient, voluntarily or involuntarily, to a set space or location without any social interaction, but sometimes the patient is adamant and refuses to adhere to the order.
Experts conclude this practice is both widespread and underreported. Staff use solitary confinement as a security management tool; until more effective solutions are available and implemented, youth will continue to experience substantial negative repercussions of being confined in a solitary cell. Facility staff need effective and easily-implementable alternatives they can use. Some of the psychological distress from spending time in confinement can lead to instances of self-harm, suicide,
In Hellhole by Atul Gawande, the idea of solitary confinement as a means of punishment has been looked upon as more a form of torture. Gawande explains that the human rights of prisoners have been violated by means of solitary confinement. For the reason that it is in our nature to socialize with other people and by taking that away, it strips one of their rights as a human being. Mainly Gawande provides examples that relate to how solitary confinement is considered a form of torture. As in one experiment that involved monkeys, some monkeys were placed with fake mothers of wire and of cloth to figure out why they seemed disturbed.
The action to avoid pain is even natural to the human nervous system and occurs subconsciously. For example, if one were to put his or her hand on a hot object, the innate reaction would be to pull his or her hand away. A “timeout” (imprisonment) would not deter a future offense as effectively as a physical correction (flogging) would. Imprisonment can also be ineffective because the convicts may not see it as a form of punishment, but rather, as “a sign of manhood, a status symbol” in their criminal, social circles, a.k.a. “street cred.”
In this milestone we will be looking at a few key items of employee and labor relations. Some items that this paper will cover are things such as employee discipline, performance management and employee and labor relations. First, we will start by looking at employee discipline. Employee Discipline: Analyze punitive and nonpunitive disciplinary approaches, and explain their impacts on employee relations. When talking about employee discipline there are two schools of thought.
The ethical issues that are faced in nursing homes stem from a conflict of the institution's policy, staffing concerns regarding safety matters, and the general desires and preferences of the residents. When moving into a nursing, there is a loss of privacy as many residents share bedrooms, bathrooms, and common areas. The resident’s independence and decision-making ability over matters such as what to eat, wear, and their entertainment can all be controlled by the nursing facility, and this leads to a loss of autonomy. There are also concerns when the decision-making capacity of a resident conflicts with the general well-being of the nursing home populations. Moral issues that come into play when the resident has demonstrated a lack of competent decision-making practices is that who’s input regarding the resident's well-being has their best interest.
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I. Introduction A. P. J. O 'Rourke once said “Everybody knows how to raise children, except the people who have them” (O’Rourke, Pg.10). Parents always want their children to be better than what they used to be when they were at their age; that is why they care about every detail in their children’s life especially when it comes to behavior, obeying them and listening to their words. B. Background Information: i. People came to realize that physical punishment is a rough, atrocious, unacceptable mean of punishment that should be banned for its appalling, horrifying effects. ii. Facts about physical punishment (sources used) 1.